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The effects of unconditional gifts on customer-firm relationships
Northeastern University, USA.
University of Alabama, USA.
Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Karlstad Business School (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9852-1984
Linköping University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6589-8662
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2026 (English)In: Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, ISSN 0092-0703, E-ISSN 1552-7824, Vol. 54, no 2, p. 557-578Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This research demonstrates the impact of unconditional business-to-consumer (B2C) gifts. It contributes to the literature by examining how an unconditional gift at the beginning of a shopping experience can influence both loyalty and transactional spending. The findings show that an unconditional gift creates feelings of gratitude, driving loyalty and transactional spending. At the same time, receiving such a gift can lead to a sense of obligation, prompting increased transactional spending to alleviate this feeling. To address the identified gaps in research on B2C gift giving and provide managers a clear path to successfully launch an unconditional gift-giving program, we conduct two firm-partnered field experiments, tracking the behaviors of customers after receipt of an unconditional gift. We then conduct five experimental studies to validate the theoretical process and examine three managerially relevant contingencies: value of the gift, new versus existing customers, and a promotional reward versus an unconditional gift. We find that even unconditional gifts with little monetary value provide benefits for a firm and the effects are robust across new and existing customers. Furthermore, we find that unconditional gifts create greater feelings of obligation than promotional rewards. Managers can use our findings to design unconditional gift-giving programs regarding when, what, and how unconditional gifts should be given to have the largest impact on customers. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2026. Vol. 54, no 2, p. 557-578
Keywords [en]
Artificial intelligence, Field experiment, Gift giving, Gift value, Gratitude, Loyalty, Obligation, Reciprocity, Retail, Transactional spending
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-109200DOI: 10.1007/s11747-025-01129-xISI: 001681877500001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105029698445OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-109200DiVA, id: diva2:2044702
Available from: 2026-03-10 Created: 2026-03-10 Last updated: 2026-07-28Bibliographically approved

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Gustafsson, AmieWitell, Lars

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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • apa.csl
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf