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On Cross-Layer Interactions of QUIC, Encrypted DNS and HTTP/3: Design, Evaluation and Dataset
CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security, Germany.
Technical University of Munich, Germany.
Technical University of Munich, Germany.
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Red Hat, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6938-4466
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2024 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, E-ISSN 1932-4537, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 2992-3007Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Every Web session involves a DNS resolution. While, in the last decade, we witnessed a promising trend towards an encrypted Web in general, DNS encryption has only recently gained traction with the standardisation of DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH). Meanwhile, the rapid rise of QUIC deployment has now opened up an exciting opportunity to utilise the same protocol to not only encrypt Web communications, but also DNS. In this paper, we evaluate this benefit of using QUIC to coalesce name resolution via DNS over QUIC (DoQ), and Web content delivery via HTTP/3 (H3) with 0-RTT. We compare this scenario using several possible combinations where H3 is used in conjunction with DoH and DoQ, as well as the unencrypted DNS over UDP (DoUDP). We observe, that when using H3 1-RTT, page load times with DoH can get inflated by >30% over fixed-line and by >50% over mobile when compared to unencrypted DNS with DoUDP. However, this cost of encryption can be drastically reduced when encrypted connections are coalesced (DoQ + H3 0-RTT), thereby reducing the page load times by 1/3 over fixed-line and 1/2 over mobile, overall making connection coalescing with QUIC the best option for encrypted communication on the Internet. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2024. Vol. 21, no 3, p. 2992-3007
Keywords [en]
Distributed computer systems, Flocculation, HTTP, Internet protocols, Cloud-computing, Cross-layer interaction, Design evaluation, DNS, Domain name system, HTTP/3, IP-network, Privacy, QUIC, Web, Cryptography
National Category
Computer Sciences
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-99569DOI: 10.1109/TNSM.2024.3383787ISI: 001273293700040Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85189608125OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-99569DiVA, id: diva2:1857042
Available from: 2024-05-10 Created: 2024-05-10 Last updated: 2025-10-16Bibliographically approved

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Fischer-Hübner, Simone

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