Traditional school oral health education, delivered through lectures and printed materials, is often passive and overlooks emotional and behavioural learning. This highlights the need for more interactive approaches. Drama-based techniques, such as role-play and storytelling, engage children, foster reflection and encourage social interaction, though evidence for long-term oral health remains limited.

In this study, we analyzed students' confessions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing Facebook Confession Boards (FCBs) from universities in 4 countries. Themes were interpreted through the framework of eudaemonic media entertainment (EME). Using semantic network analysis, we map the central themes in students' confessions and use qualitative content analysis to explore them further through eudaemonic lenses. Our findings reveal three main cross-national themes: personal life, university life, and romantic relationships. While COVID-19 was a relatively less central topic across all countries, it was present in every aspect of students' lives. In different countries, sentiments and topics varied according to cultural differences and national policies vis-a-vis the pandemic. Many confessions contained eudaemonic elements, as students used FCBs for support and personal growth, as well as to address sensitive topics. The anonymity and peer-group context of FCBs fostered open discussions on taboo subjects, creating sympathetic communities and facilitating collective meaning making during a global crisis.

Gut content analysis of common predators such as spiders using DNA metabarcoding has facilitated the understanding of community level predator-prey relationships in ecosystems. To interpret the DNA metabarcoding result correctly knowledge of different factors influencing persistence of prey DNA in the predator gut is crucial. Our study investigated four such factors; i.e., the effects of (1) starvation time prior to feeding; (2) time elapsed since feeding; (3) spider size; and (4) presence of egg sacs or spiderlings on the detection rate of prey DNA in the gut contents of field-collected Lycosidae spiders. We performed feeding trials in a controlled lab environment and analyzed predator gut content data using PCR and DNA metabarcoding techniques. We used two primer combinations (NoSpi2 with BR2 or fwhR2n) and three different prey species Drosophila hydei, Gryllus bimaculatus, and Coecobrya tenebricosa in our feeding trials. The NoSpi2-fwhR2n primer combination was more effective at amplifying a PCR product of the correct size compared to the NoSpi2-BR2 combination and was therefore used for the DNA metabarcoding. The results showed that time since feeding significantly influenced the detection rate of Drosophila and Gryllus DNA, with longer time intervals leading to decreased detection odds. Spider size, starvation time, and the presence of egg sacs or spiderlings had minimal or no influence on prey detection. This study highlights the importance of considering different factors that influence prey DNA detection in spider diet studies and using appropriate primers. Future research should account for variables such as prior gut contents, starvation period, and their potential interaction with spider metabolic rate.

Introduction: Registered nurses are challenged by many different situations in their work environment. The psychosocial work environment can affect the health and well-being of registered nurses, which in turn can affect the quality of service provided to patients. Registered nurses' self-reported psychosocial work environment in the ambulance service is an important issue to improve their psychosocial work environment. Aim: To investigate and describe the self-reported psychosocial work environment of registered nurses in the ambulance service and to assess individual and work-related features of importance. Methods: The study has a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional design. A web-based survey questionnaire of registered nurses (n = 176) working in 42 different ambulance stations was analyzed with descriptive and inferential analysis. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Psychosocial Safety Climate Scale were used for data collection. Results: The assessment of Occupational Safety and Health among registered nurses varied, with the majority perceiving it as fair. The psychosocial safety climate in the ambulance service indicates a moderate risk for job strain and psychological distress. Registered nurses experience high emotional demands and are exposed to the threat of violence. However, they find their work meaningful and experience strong support from colleagues and a high degree of variation in their work. The reported presence of stress and burnout is low and they generally perceive their health as good. Conclusion: The findings in this study revealed that registered nurses in Sweden generally perceive more resources than demands in their psychosocial work environment. To provide and maintain a positive psychosocial work environment, the ambulance service organization should place more focus on improving risk management and fostering a supportive social work environment. Further studies in this area are important to validate these findings.

Landfill mixed waste plastics are difficult to recycle mechanically and often end up in open burning or uncontrolled disposal, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluates supercritical water liquefaction as a contamination-tolerant, water-based route to recover transport fuel range oils from real landfillsourced mixed waste plastics and mechanically recycled HDPE, LDPE, and PP, including their blends. Batch experiments were carried out in a 400 mL stainless steel reactor at 425 degrees C for 3 h and 450 degrees C for 1 h, with a feed plastic-to-water mass ratio of about 1:2. Phase-separated products were quantified and characterized by thermogravimetric fractionation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. At 425 degrees C and 3 h, oil yields reached 75 f 4 wt% for HDPE, 70 f 3.5 wt% for LDPE, 60 f 3 wt% for PP and 22 f 1.5 wt% for landfill mixed waste plastics, with mass closures of 92 to 95 percent in experiments with gas analysis. At 450 degrees C and 1 h, resulted in enhanced gas formation and a pronounced shift toward aromatic hydrocarbons, with PP-rich systems exhibiting aromatic peak areas reaching about 90% and gasoline-range (C6 -C12) fractions of 56 to 78 wt% by thermogravimetric pseudo distillation. The results show structure-dependent reaction pathways in supercritical water: PP favors aromatic products, PE-rich feeds favor paraffinic and olefinic products, and blends with landfill-mixed waste plastics still deliver significant gasoline-range fractions. These findings indicate that supercritical water liquefaction can couple water-based chemical recycling of contaminated plastic streams with recovery of high-quality hydrocarbon fuels, with direct relevance for integrated energy and waste management systems at the energy environment nexus.

Highlights What are the main findings? A novel encoder-decoder framework integrating self-supervised DINOv3 with a hybrid Transformer-LSTM decoder achieves 9-12% improvement over CNN and Vision Transformer baselines across BLEU, CIDEr, METEOR, and ROUGE-L metrics on RSICD and UCM-Captions datasets. DINOv3's self-supervised visual representations eliminate the need for domain-specific supervised pretraining while producing semantically rich features that outperform traditional supervised encoders (VGG16, ResNet50) for remote sensing image description tasks. What are the implications of the main findings? Self-supervised vision transformers represent a robust alternative to supervised CNN-based encoders for multi-modal remote sensing applications, particularly valuable when annotated training data is scarce or expensive to obtain. The proposed LSTM aggregation module between encoder and decoder effectively captures spatial continuity in structured patterns (roads, rivers, boundaries), demonstrating that lightweight sequential processing enhances caption coherence for aerial imagery analysis.Highlights What are the main findings? A novel encoder-decoder framework integrating self-supervised DINOv3 with a hybrid Transformer-LSTM decoder achieves 9-12% improvement over CNN and Vision Transformer baselines across BLEU, CIDEr, METEOR, and ROUGE-L metrics on RSICD and UCM-Captions datasets. DINOv3's self-supervised visual representations eliminate the need for domain-specific supervised pretraining while producing semantically rich features that outperform traditional supervised encoders (VGG16, ResNet50) for remote sensing image description tasks. What are the implications of the main findings? Self-supervised vision transformers represent a robust alternative to supervised CNN-based encoders for multi-modal remote sensing applications, particularly valuable when annotated training data is scarce or expensive to obtain. The proposed LSTM aggregation module between encoder and decoder effectively captures spatial continuity in structured patterns (roads, rivers, boundaries), demonstrating that lightweight sequential processing enhances caption coherence for aerial imagery analysis.Abstract Effective interpretation of coherent and usable information from aerial images (e.g., satellite imagery or high-altitude drone photography) can greatly reduce human effort in many situations, both natural (e.g., earthquakes, forest fires, tsunamis) and man-made (e.g., highway pile-ups, traffic congestion), particularly in disaster management. This research proposes a novel encoder-decoder framework for captioning of remote sensing images that integrates self-supervised DINOv3 visual features with a hybrid Transformer-LSTM decoder. Unlike existing approaches that rely on supervised CNN-based encoders (e.g., ResNet, VGG), the proposed method leverages DINOv3's self-supervised learning capabilities to extract dense, semantically rich features from aerial images without requiring domain-specific labeled pretraining. The proposed hybrid decoder combines Transformer layers for global context modeling with LSTM layers for sequential caption generation, producing coherent and context-aware descriptions. Feature extraction is performed using the DINOv3 model, which employs the gram-anchoring technique to stabilize dense feature maps. Captions are generated through a hybrid of Transformer with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layers, which adds contextual meaning to captions through sequential hidden layer modeling with gated memory. The model is first evaluated on two traditional remote sensing image captioning datasets: RSICD and UCM-Captions. Multiple evaluation metrics like Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU), Consensus-based Image Description Evaluation (CIDEr), Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE-L), and Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering (METEOR), are used to quantify the performance and robustness of the proposed DINOv3 hybrid model. The proposed model outperforms conventional Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Vision Transformers (ViT)-based models by approximately 9-12% across most evaluation metrics. Attention heatmaps are also employed to qualitatively validate the proposed model when identifying and describing key spatial elements. In addition, the proposed model is evaluated on advanced remote sensing datasets, including RSITMD, DisasterM3, and GeoChat. The results demonstrate that self-supervised vision transformers are robust encoders for multi-modal understanding in remote sensing image analysis and captioning.

Climate change adaptation's place in the contemporary climate change discourse continues to evolve, as does its identity as a form of inquiry, mode of critique, form of policy and type of practice. In this article we argue that there is an evolution in scholarship occurring in terms of a transition from a scientific/technical mode of inquiry to one more engaged with the social sciences. We argue that politics determine society's adaptation responses and that politics constitute an adaptive response in its own right. With support of the reviewed literature, we conclude that it is fruitful, and even necessary, to understand climate change adaptation as politics in order to facilitate stronger scholarship but also to foster more inclusive practices. We argue that politics is, in itself, climate change adaptation and that this understanding of climate change adaptation has implications for both scholarship and practice.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease associated with impaired quality of life. Evidence from Sweden on out-of-pocket expenses and productivity losses remains limited. This study assessed the burden of AD among adults in relation to health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, activity impairment, willingness to pay for symptom relief, economic outcomes, considering comorbid asthma, allergies, depression and anxiety. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2024 and 2025 among 220 members of the Swedish Asthma and Allergy Patient Association. Validated instruments included the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), EuroQol five-dimensions, five-levels instrument (EQ-5D-5L), Patient Benefit Index, questionnaire. Descriptive and regression analyses age 43 years) reported moderate HRQoL impairment (mean DLQI 10.1). DLQI and EQ-5D-5L were worse among those with allergic or non-atopic comorbidities but did not differ by asthma status. Mean annual out-of-pocket costs and productivity losses were & euro;900 (95% CI: 401.1-1,758.4) and & euro;1,972 (95% and activity impairment were associated with lower HRQoL and higher costs. AD is related to worsened work and activity functioning and high economic burden, suggesting the need for improved support and management strategies for affected adults.

This study investigates the impact of multilayer structures and drying strategies on the barrier properties of high-speed starch/bentonite-coated paperboard. The study examines the impact of drying at a high machine speed of 400 m min-1, addressing a key knowledge gap. The hypotheses were that thin multilayer coatings reduce oxygen permeability more effectively than thick single or double coatings and that gentle infrared (IR) drying would be required to achieve this effect. The experiments comprised up to six consecutive coating applications, each providing a dry coat weight between 0.5 and 1.5 g m-2. The IR dryer power ranged from 207 kW to 829 kW, and different IR frame positions were tested. The results indicated that thin multilayer coatings resulted in fewer pinholes, lower oxygen transmission rates, and improved grease resistance compared with one or two thick layers. However, the effectiveness of the multilayer-coated paperboard was influenced by the employed drying strategy. Specifically, gentle IR drying reduced pinholes, lowered oxygen transmission rates and enhanced grease resistance.

Background In perioperative care, patient encounters are limited and care planning is not always based on the patient's needs and wishes. Operating theatre nurse students were given the opportunity to use the perioperative dialogue in patient care together with their supervisor. It is of interest what students experience using the perioperative dialogue in clinical practice. Aim This study aims to describe the operating theatre nurse students' experiences and reflections of the perioperative dialogues with patients in clinical practice. Methods A qualitative approach was chosen and has a hermeneutical design. During clinical practice, the operating theatre nurse students carried out the perioperative dialogues with patients, together with an operating theatre nurse supervisor. Data were text from 116 student examination tasks in a perioperative nursing universal course. This text was interpretive with hermeneutical text interpretation with five steps. Results The result showed that the perioperative dialogue is understood as a unique caring process and continuity in the perioperative dialogue created a coherent whole. It offered the opportunity to meet the patient as a unique person, to gain knowledge about them and carry out their perioperative care. Continuity created a mutual community through the care relationship between the patient and operating theatre nurse students. Through the perioperative dialogues, the patient became participated in perioperative nursing care. Conclusion The perioperative dialogue serves the patient's desire for dignified care and thereby ensures the provision of higher quality care. It also offers the operating theatre nurse students a new way of caring and arouses reflections about their main task of caring for the suffering patient. The perioperative dialogue with patients offers the possibility to ensure good and safe perioperative care.

Traffic forecasting in cellular networks is a challenging spatiotemporal prediction problem due to strong temporal dependencies, spatial heterogeneity across cells, and the need for scalability to large network deployments. Traditional cell-specific models incur prohibitive training and maintenance costs, while global models often fail to capture heterogeneous spatial dynamics. Recent spatiotemporal architectures based on attention or graph neural networks improve accuracy but introduce high computational overhead, limiting their applicability in large-scale or real-time settings. We propose HiSTM (Hierarchical SpatioTemporal Mamba), a spatiotemporal forecasting architecture built on state-space modeling. HiSTM combines spatial convolutional encoding for local neighborhood interactions with Mamba-based temporal modeling to capture long-range dependencies, followed by attention-based temporal aggregation for prediction. The hierarchical design enables representation learning with linear computational complexity in sequence length and supports both grid-based and correlation-defined spatial structures. Cluster-aware extensions incorporate spatial regime information to handle heterogeneous traffic patterns. Experimental evaluation on large-scale real-world cellular datasets demonstrates that HiSTM achieves better accuracy, outperforming strong baselines. On the Milan dataset, HiSTM reduces MAE by 29.4% compared to STN, while achieving the lowest RMSE and highest R2 score among all evaluated models. In multi-step autoregressive forecasting, HiSTM maintains 36.8% lower MAE than STN and 11.3% lower than STTRE at the 6-step horizon, with a 58% slower error accumulation rate compared to STN. On the unseen Trentino dataset, HiSTM achieves 47.3% MAE reduction over STN and demonstrates better cross-dataset generalization. A single HiSTM model outperforms 10,000 independently trained cell-specific LSTMs, demonstrating the advantage of joint spatiotemporal learning. HiSTM maintains best-in-class performance with up to 30% missing data, outperforming all baselines under various missing data scenarios. The model achieves these results while being 45 & times; smaller than PredRNNpp, 18 & times; smaller than xLSTM, and maintaining competitive inference latency of 1.19 ms, showcasing its effectiveness for scalable 5/6G traffic prediction in resource-constrained environments.

Learning complex systems in the molecular life sciences is challenging for students, in large part because of the domain‑specific language. This thesis provides insights into how domain-specific language is structured and used in upper secondary school to communicate complex molecular systems, using protein synthesis as an example. Across four studies, students’ conceptual structures and mechanistic reasoning about protein synthesis, and how chemistry and biology textbooks describe it through metaphors and domain-specific concepts were investigated. The results show that students use domain-specific concepts in fragmented clusters rather than formulating descriptions showing an integrated understanding of protein synthesis. Students and textbooks follow the central dogma of a linear process from DNA to protein and compartmentalise concepts with mRNA as a key bridging idea. Few students reach an emergent mechanistic level of reasoning, and only in isolated sub-processes. Textbooks use two main metaphor systems: Information-based and construction-based metaphors. Teaching should emphasise links between clusters of concepts and make concepts and metaphors explicit to help students develop a coherent understanding of protein synthesis.  

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine teaching about, and students’ understanding of, the use of history. Through a teaching intervention in which a vocational high school class worked with the Black Lives Matter protests and the demolition of Columbus statues in the summer of 2020, the study examines how inquiry-based learning about the use of history can be implemented in practice. The empirical data consists of classroom observations, student group discussions, interviews with students and teachers, as well as classroom materials and exam assignments collected during the fall of 2021. 

The theoretical framework draws on the concepts of historical consciousness, historical culture, and the use of history, alongside Brousseau’s theory of didactic situations, didactic contract, and adidactic situations. The results show that teaching the use of history through inquiry-based learning holds considerable potential for challenging and developing students’ historical consciousness. At the same time, both teachers and students must be provided with the necessary conditions—and a didactic contract—that enable and sustain such approach. 

The intervention introduced changes to the pace of instruction and to the way, history was approached, which in turned helped strengthen students’ narrative competence and their ability to reason about the use of history. The study also demonstrates that teaching about contemporary issues related to the use of history must account the relationship among content, students’ backgrounds, values and conceptions of the past and present. Overall, the thesis highlights the central role of historical culture for teaching and learning about the use of history. 

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved power conversion efficiencies exceeding 20%, yet their long-term operational stability remains a major challenge for commercial applications. This study investigates the photodegradation of state-of-the-art OSC materials and their impact on device performance using a combination of spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), synchrotron-based X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS and UPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy were employed to study chemical, structural, and morphological changes in photoactive layers exposed to AM 1.5 illumination in air.

The first part of the thesis focuses on the photodegradation mechanisms of donor and acceptor materials. Thin films of PBDB-T, Y5, PF5-Y5, and PYT were exposed to AM 1.5 illumination in air. The results show that the BDT-T unit present in PBDB-T and PF5-Y5 accelerates photobleaching, while its replacement with thiophene improves the photostability of PYT. Studies of PM6:Y6 blend revealed distinct degradation pathways. By employing long-wavelength band-pass filter illumination that selectively excites the acceptor, electron-transfer-induced superoxide formation was suppressed, and the remaining degradation occurred due to singlet oxygen via energy transfer. 

The second part of the thesis addresses the influence of photodegradation on device performance. The choice of processing solvent affected the morphology and molecular orientation in PM6:Y6 blends, but devices exhibited similar degradation rates. Incorporation of PC₇₀BM into PTQ10:Y6 blends reduced the formation of carbonyl species and improved photostability. Overall, this work provides insights into molecular- and device-level degradation pathways in high-performance OSC systems and identifies structural and compositional strategies to mitigate photooxidation processes. 

Objective: To provide an overview of mental health problems throughout the postpartum period and to describe the screening instruments as well as associated factors related to the relevant population.

Methods: The scoping study was guided by the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline was used to report the findings including citation backtracking.

Results: Of the 2828 studies screened, 43 met the inclusion criteria, and three key categories were identified: postpartum mental health problems, screening instruments, and associated factors, including support systems, previous mental and medical conditions, and other associated factors. Sub-categories in the support systems included partner, family, social, and work support, while subcategories in the other associated factors included socioeconomic and sociodemographic, pregnancy and birth, partner violence, mode of delivery, gender preference, COVID-19, and immigration status.

Conclusion: A comprehensive approach to postpartum mental health problems is necessary to understand protective factors needed at all levels. It is imperative to offer a spectrum of support services and ensure high availability of care to all relevant subgroups of mothers throughout pregnancy and up to one year postpartum. Inconsistent use of screening instruments at different periods indicates a need for harmonized use in clinical settings to mitigate the risk of women being undiagnosed. Training healthcare professionals in the area of assessment and management of postpartum mental health problems will significantly help in alleviating the challanges women face during this period.

Stance, i.e., the expression of attitudes, judgements, and degrees of commitment, is a central feature of academic discourse. Yet its role in promotional communication within high-stakes genres such as grant proposals and their related subgenres remains relatively underexplored in EAP research. This study investigates the use of 193 features in a 2.7-million-word corpus of 12,187 abstracts from successful grant applications across five disciplinary domains, awarded by the Swedish Research Council between 2011 and 2022. Notably, the analysis reveals only moderate change over the 12-year period, despite broader trends toward increasingly promotional rhetorical styles in academic communication. A gradual rise in assertive modal verbs (will, can) and a decline in tentative ones (would, may) suggest a subtle shift toward greater rhetorical certainty. While a core repertoire of stance features is broadly shared across five disciplinary domains, hard science fields tend to favor more assertive and evidential expressions, whereas soft science fields more often employ hedging and interpretive stance, consistent with previous findings. Further variation is observed in how novelty, methods, and significance are promoted, providing more nuanced insights into disciplinary conventions of persuasion. These findings inform EAP pedagogy by supporting discipline-specific stance awareness and encouraging reflective, responsible self-promotion.

Many municipalities are increasingly challenged by demographic decline, which threatens their ability to deliver equitable services, particularly in sparsely populated areas. This study investigates the forms, patterns, and motives of inter-municipal collaboration in Sweden, with a focus on how geographical and demographic conditions shape collaborative practices. Using a nationwide survey of Swedish municipalities, the research maps collaborations between municipalities, analysing their prevalence and municipal types. The findings reveal that collaboration is a crucial - often necessary - strategy for municipalities to maintain statutory and welfare services amid shrinking populations and limited resources. Densely populated municipalities exhibit higher levels of collaboration, driven by opportunity and efficiency, while sparsely populated municipalities are motivated primarily by necessity and the need to secure skilled labour. However, the study also highlights barriers to collaboration, such as long distances and limited administrative capacity in sparsely populated areas, which can exacerbate inequalities between municipalities. The study concludes that understanding the geographical and demographic determinants of municipal collaboration is essential for developing policies that support sustainable service delivery and reduce disparities between urban and rural areas.

Does gender equality work feel like a joint exploration or a restrictive verdict? Through semi-structured interviews with managers and employees involved in organizational gender equality work in six Swedish private companies and one university, this study examines emotions in metaphors and their orientation toward organizational change. Emotions are understood as both embodied and social and are analyzed as integral components of experientially grounded metaphors. The article introduces situating metaphors as an analytic concept for examining how metaphors position speakers through emotions, local truths, and emotional orientations toward change in the organization. The analysis identifies three groups of metaphors capturing a spectrum of emotional experiences and tensions in gender equality work. First, to feel supported and curious in a joint exploration, that notices gender inequalities, was a common and highly valued emotional experience that signaled agency and hope, despite unclear goals. Second, the more ambivalent accountant metaphor conveyed emotions of hopefullness yet subordination, such as gratefullness and admiration, whereas the third verdict metaphor rendered gender equality work as a commitment imposed from above, experienced as potentially draining of hope. Metaphor use also followed gendered and organizational patterns. In organizations that valued independence and creativity, male participants more often used metaphors that conveyed the feeling that gender equality work was illegitimate and controlling. The study's metaphor analysis contributes to research on both gender equality work and emotions in organizations by advancing situating metaphors as a reflexive tool for understanding how emotions position participants in relation to hierarchy and organizational change.

Freshwater lakes are becoming warmer and browner, with poorly known ecosystem consequences. A major unresolved issue is how these changes will affect the feeding rates of predators that regulate top-down trophic cascades. We explored the effects of temperature and browning on the functional response and feeding rates of a keystone predator, the Northern pike Esox lucius. We first derived a simple mechanistic model on the effect of temperature and browning on predator feeding rates. To test predictions from the model, we performed two laboratory experiments where we estimated pike functional responses in brown and clear water at three temperatures and quantified feeding rates along a gradient from completely clear to extremely brown. We find strikingly weak effects of temperature and browning on pike feeding rates, even under extreme levels of browning. Pike showed an asymptotic Type II functional response under most conditions but switched to a dome-shaped Type IV functional response in cold clear water, possibly due to seasonal changes in the schooling behaviour of prey. Our results suggest that temperature and browning may have interactive effects on predator functional responses mediated via changes in prey behaviour and support the view that browning affects piscivorous fish mainly through bottom-up effects rather than changes in foraging efficiency.

Objective Given the clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease (PD), identification of early -stage subgroups with shared non-motor symptom (NMS) profiles may clarify its pathophysiology. This study used latent-profile analyses (LPA) to define subgroups based on sleep disturbances, cognitive performance and neuropsychiatric symptoms, and examined dopaminergic function and brain volume differences between them.<br /> Methods We analyzed data from 51 cognitively normal non-PD older adults and 105 early-stage PD participants from the iPARK trial, including 19 who underwent [11C]-raclopride PET/MR. Participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the short version of the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire and a battery of neuropsychological tests. LPA were used in PD to identify subgroups based on NMS profiles, which were then characterized and examined in relation to dopaminergic integrity and brain morphology.<br /> Results LPA identified a two-cluster solution as the best fit. Group 1 (N = 49) showed poorer working memory, executive function and processing speed along with greater daytime sleepiness, depression and anxiety. Group 2 (N = 56) exhibited less affected cognitive function and minimal NMS. Groups were similar in demographics, disease duration, motor symptom severity and medication, but differed on UPDRS-1 NMS. Group 1 demonstrated significantly reduced [11C]-raclopride binding potential compared to Group 2 in the left putamen at both ROI- and voxel-wise analysis.<br /> Conclusion These findings indicate clinically distinct subgroups in early-stage PD. Greater NMS burden is linked to impaired dopaminergic integrity, suggesting a potential neurobiological signature. Early identification of such subgroups may improve understanding of disease heterogeneity and support personalized management and interventions.

Clinical trial registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03680170?id=NCT03680170&rank=1, identifier (NCT03680170).

Fifteen new chapters showing the path to tomorrow! This is a result of the collaboration between the disciplines of Information Systems and Law at the Business School of Karlstad University. Besides involving portions of our master students, it also integrates exchange students and other international students. The collaboration is motivated by the on-going integration of law and technology and the international ramification of that integration.

After a ten-week course that vetted new trends in Legal Tech, the students were to present an individual report highlighting the use of generative AI in Law. However, they were also requested to write a portion of the thesis aided by generative AI. They were free to decide upon the exact approach and the topic to illuminate, but also how to elaborate their own ways of making explicit when and to what extent they used AI contributions. 

For the syllabus of the course modules, see page 416. The course language is English and the modules will continue to be open to international exchange students, as well as for eligible practitioners and students, who may apply for the courses independently of the programs at Karlstad University. The theses resulting in the chapters of this volume are written either within JPA005 or ISAD21 as indicated below the name of each author in each chapter.

Artikeln har sin utgångspunkt i en aktionsforskningspraktik som fokuserar skolledarskap i svenska småkommuner. Med stöd i teorin om praktikarkitekturer och en modell för etiskt ledarskap analyseras om, och i så fall hur, aktionsforskning kan stödja och villkora en etiskt förankrad praxisutveckling. Resultatet visar att aktionsforskning inte bara fungerar som en metod för att förändra praktiken utan också som ett sätt att stärka rektorernas förmåga till kritisk reflektion och etiska ställningstaganden. Genom att skapa strukturer för gemensam reflektion möjliggjorde aktionsforskningsprocessen en rörelse från individuella överväganden till gemensamma reflektioner, där en mer medveten och värdestyrd praxis utvecklades. Genom att tidigare handlingar och rutiner ifrågasattes skapades en reflexivitet som bidrog till att bryta invanda mönster och öppna för förändring. Studien visar också hur rektorers förståelse för sitt ledarskap fördjupas när det sätts i relation till såväl lokala villkor som skolans värdegrund. Det finns därmed inte ett universellt sätt att leda, utan det måste anpassas till varje skolas specifika sammanhang, resurser och relationer. 

This article presents a systematic review of research on the teaching and learning of quadratic equations. A configurative approach to qualitatively synthesize research was employed, searching four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and ERIC. A total of 38 papers (26 journal articles and 12 conference papers) with empirical findings from mostly secondary school students, ages 13–17, across multiple countries, were included. Findings from research on teaching show that geometry-aided approaches, specific to quadratic equations for factoring and completing the square, show promise for promoting understanding and interest. Forms of instruction being general or using technology also indicate positive findings; however, evidence remains limited. Studies on learning identified several issues corresponding to concepts and methods for solving quadratic equations, many due to lacking pre-requisite knowledge. These were framed as lacking flexibility, having non-relational types of understandings, or being due to student properties and instructional context. Proposed implications from research for teaching showed specific instruction to be included, that teaching should focus on conceptual understanding, that planning instruction should be informed by student thinking, and that curriculum could be adjusted for long-term coherence. Combining these findings, mastering quadratic equations requires developing flexible knowledge by connecting multiple solution strategies with conceptual understanding, supported by teaching that links concepts to procedures through varied examples, formative assessment, and visual or technological aids. The implications of this review for practice include informing teaching and development of instructional resources while considering local context. Future research should examine effects of instructional approaches targeting specific aspects of quadratic equations.

This thesis examines hotel worker’s experiences of organisational restructuring and job transitions during the COVID-19 pandemic. It draws on four empirical papers based on 45 semi-structured interviews conducted in a constrained labour market shaped by fluctuating demand, pandemic restrictions, organisational restructuring and extensive use of short-time work (STW). 

The analysis captures insights from hotel workers across multiple post-restructuring labour market statuses, illustrating job transitions across internal and external labour markets as well as the liminal space in between. Two papers focus on workers who remained in employment and includes experiences of extensive STW, while the other two examine workers who faced job loss. Across all groups, restructuring brought substantial changes to work and employment conditions: remaining workers faced fluctuating workloads, hours and income, as well as changed roles and reduced career prospects; redundant workers, on the other hand, often entered underemployment and faced constrained mobility, although some saw chances for a new career. 

The thesis examines outcomes for workers by integrating theories of internal and external labour markets, restructuring strategies, job transitions, and established restructuring outcomes categories: Victims, Endurers and Survivors. To capture experiences overlooked within existing frameworks a fourth category, Liminals, is introduced. To analyse these transitions, the thesis develops the Job Transition Model, a visual and analytical model grounded in theoretical and empirical insights from this thesis, applied here to understand job transitions in the context of organisational restructuring involving extensive STW implementation.  

Overall, the thesis offers a more nuanced understanding of restructuring involving STW, demonstrating the interconnected nature of internal and external labour markets, and the complex transitions workers navigate during organisational restructuring. 

The prevalence of migration across the world poses the question inasmuch migrants will assimilate to the way of life of the receiving country? Studies of immigrants show that immigrants usually assimilate via educational attainments and economic integration. Concerning culture, however, researchers do not agree and studies show mixed results: some ethnic groups preserve to a great extent their own culture, while other immigrants assimilate into the culture of the destination country. A central cultural aspect is social trust in other persons according to many researchers. Social trust is regarded by several researchers as a central factor for democracy, wealth, and good public administration. However, although both research streams - on immigration and on trust - are well-established, there are only a limited number of studies investigating immigrants' social trust globally. This paper examines which factors influence immigrants' trust levels on a global scale. Immigrants' level of trust is an important indicator of a successful integration, because it signals some form of understanding, acceptance, and feeling of comfort in the social context of the destination. The results show that the most important factor for immigrants' trust is the destination country's trust level. This indicates that immigrants assimilate to the destination's way of life. Furthermore, individual factors like education, trust in public authorities, and income increase immigrants' trust levels, but the influence of individual factors is modified by religious denomination. Overall, Muslim and Orthodox immigrants are less affected by individual factors than Protestants.

Purpose To explore the mediating and moderating roles of Sense of Coherence (SoC) and coping strategies, as well as their influences and dimensions, on Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Bangladeshi women with breast cancer. Methods This cross-sectional study included a total of 125 women with breast cancer. Data were collected using the 13-item Orientation to Life Questionnaire (QLQ 13), the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE), and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 Version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30). Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression, and mediation/moderation analyses were conducted. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result A significant association was observed between SoC and HRQoL (beta = 0.46, p < .001). Among coping strategies, the Use of Instrumental Support (UIS) (r = .209, p < .05), Positive Reframing (PR) (r = .193, p < .05), Planning (Pl) (r = .199, p < .05), and Self-blame (SB) (r = - .429, p < .01) were significantly correlated with both HRQoL and SoC. SoC partially mediated the effects of UIS, PR, SB on HRQoL. Significant mediation effects were observed for UIS (95% CI [0.002, 2.95]), PR (95% CI [0.31, 3.62]), and SB (95% CI [-4.75, -1.62]). However, SoC did not moderate the relationship between coping strategies and HRQoL. Conclusion Healthcare providers should incorporate SoC and adaptive coping strategies, such as positive reframing and use of instrumental support, into clinical practice and rehabilitation programs to enhance the Health-Related Quality of Life of patients with breast cancer.

Objective: To evaluate how a routine for maintaining dental care contact for frail older patients is used and experienced by dental professionals in Public Dental Service in the west of Sweden. Basic research design: The overall study design consisted of mixed methods. The quantitative part included an analysis of register data regarding the number of registrations to the routine during 2018-2023 and a survey in 2021 to one representative at each clinic. The qualitative part included interviews conducted with employees (n = 12) from 11 different dental care clinics. The data was analysed with qualitative content analysis. Clinical setting: The study was performed in the west of Sweden, including a total of 105 Public Dental Service clinics. Participants: Personnel at Public Dental Service clinics in the west of Sweden. Results: Between 2018 and 2023, register data showed variation in the use of the routine across dental clinics (0-457 cases per clinic). The survey found that the routine was used at 80% of the clinics, with 78% of the informants reporting it worked well, although 41% saw room for improvement. Qualitative findings revealed inconsistent interpretation and adaptation of the routine. Challenges included unclear frailty criteria, administrative load, time constraints and complex instructions. Ethical concerns centred on patient autonomy and integrity. Conclusions: This is the first scientific evaluation of a routine designed to support frail older patients in maintaining a previous regular dental care contact. Findings reveal inconsistent implementation across clinics and staff, potentially leading to unequal care for a frail population.

Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health crisis that is not solely explained by antibiotics usage. However, environmental and lifestyle contributions to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in children are not well understood, especially compared to adults. As the gut functions as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), the aim of this study was to better understand the influence of lifestyle on the gut microbiome and resistome using shotgunmetagenomic sequencing data of Swedish children from the PARSIFAL (Prevention of Allergy Risk factors for Sensitization In children related to Farming and Anthroposophic Lifestyle) study. Results Farm children exhibited high proportions of unique bacterial species and differentially abundant ARGs linked to the farm environment, and similar differences were found in anthroposophic children. Age, breastfeeding duration, and obesity significantly influenced the overall resistance load, independently of lifestyle. Despite limited statistical power, our findings suggest that lifestyle and environment both shape the microbiome and resistome of children. Conclusions This study corroborates the possible influence of the farm environment on the gut microbiome and resistome, revealing a highly individualized repertoire of low-abundance microbes and ARGs in farm children. Additionally, associations of age, obesity and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding with ARG load were found in a currently understudied age range. Overall, this study raises the need for further research on rare species and ARGs as well as their transmission dynamics in relation to the environment.

This article examines field-level processes that condition actors' efforts to mobilize collective strategic action for institutional change in markets, showing how such efforts may unsettle existing arrangements while simultaneously laying the groundwork for new ones. Drawing on strategic action field theory, we analyze the transformation of the recorded music market from physical records to online streaming in the early 2000s. Conceptualizing markets as configurations of interconnected fields, we develop a process model of inter-field dynamics demonstrating how exogenous shocks in proximate fields reconfigure power relations and enable coordinated action. Our analysis traces how collective mobilization destabilized incumbent structures, how struggles over legitimacy facilitated organizational appropriation of emerging practices, and how temporary settlements consolidated a new market infrastructure. We contribute to macromarketing theory by specifying the mechanisms through which market-shaping unfolds across interconnected fields and by explaining why disruption often culminates in settlements that re-stabilize, rather than displace, incumbent power.

Introduction: A sizeable number of adolescents with recurrent pain frequently miss school, yet the trajectories of absenteeism and their correlates remain unclear. We aimed to explore trajectories of school absenteeism due to pain among adolescents with recurrent pain, and predictors and correlates of the trajectories.

Methods: A prospective cohort design with 3 yearly measurement points between 2016 and 2018 was used. The sample included 873 Swedish upper secondary school adolescents (mean age = 16.5 years; 60.8% girls; 11.7% immigrants) with recurrent pain (headache, abdominal and/or musculoskeletal pain >= 1/wk for 6 months). Predictors were sociodemographic variables, pain characteristics, depressive symptoms, and stressors in the school context. Distal outcomes were perceived future work ability and overall future expectancy.

Results: We identified 3 trajectories of absenteeism through latent class growth analysis: persistently high absenteeism (18.1%), persistently low absenteeism (49.4%), and persistently no absenteeism (32.5%). Pain intensity and school-related stressors independently predicted absenteeism trajectories. Compared with the other trajectories, the persistently high absenteeism subgroup had more negative perceived future work ability and overall future expectancy.

Conclusion: A substantial subgroup of adolescents showed a stable pattern of high absenteeism across their upper secondary education, which was associated with overall negative expectancies for the future and specifically future work ability. Therefore, there is a need to identify this subgroup and intervene early in the life course to prevent long-term disadvantages in education, employment, and overall well-being.

The overarching objective of study is to carry out a detailed environmental life-cycle analysis (E-LCA), to quantify and understand the adverse (and beneficial) impacts, waste handling has on the environment, for a building project in Karlstad in central Sweden, which generated close to 574000 kilograms of diverse types of wastes. The study identifies the relevant environmental aspects of building-wastes management (a combination of recycling, incineration and landfilling, in other words), and avails of contribution, scenario and variation analyses to obtain and communicate some insights relevant and useful in a transition to a circular economy in the future. The emphasis on recycling plastics (which account for about 6% of the total mass), and not continuing to combust them in waste-to-energy plants is particularly strong. Quite obviously, recycling all metals and plastics, and resorting to forestry/garden wastes as a fuel source in lieu of plastics, shows tremendous climate change mitigation potential, in addition to contributing to a truncation of the acidification and eutrophication footprints of the life-cycles of buildings. Life-cycle thinking entails not just end-of-pipe waste management, but also re-designing and re-thinking on the upstream (for reusability, durability, recyclability), and trans-materialising and dematerializing from the point of view of minimising the amounts of waste generated. The study implicitly points at the need for not just continued research in the field of waste management in general (SDG 9), but also sustained collaboration among several stakeholders in the fray (SDG 17), which was gathered from the interviews carried out by the first author to incorporate the social dimension of the sustainability of waste management. 

The number of people seeking help for mental illness is increasing across all ages, creating a major burden for individuals, families, and the society. While personalized medicine is advancing in other fields, diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders remain largely symptom-based and fail to capture individual, sex, and gender differences in risk, manifestation, and treatment response. Early signs of illness often go unnoticed due to the lack of monitoring tools, and stigma continues to hinder prevention and care. In some phases of life, an individual’s susceptibility to mental illness is heightened and may be influenced by changes in endocrine signalling. To address these challenges, the research project Building REsilience against MEntal illness during ENDocrine-sensitive life stages (RE-MEND) has implemented an interdisciplinary approach focusing on four critical endocrine-sensitive life stages: prenatal, puberty, peripartum, and older age. The project integrates longitudinal population-based cohorts with experimental and clinical studies to identify genetic, environmental, and endocrine factors shaping susceptibility and resilience to mental illness. Multi-omics data (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and adductomics) will be combined with neurobiological, clinical, and behavioural measures, analysed using advanced biostatistics and machine learning. RE-MEND seeks to i) identify risk and resilience factors affecting mental health; ii) deliver biomarker panels for susceptibility, disease progression, and treatment response across sensitive life stages; iii) discover novel drug targets through repurposing strategies, and iv) promote mental health literacy and reduce stigma. The integration of biological research with communication science is anticipated to result in translatable findings, supporting earlier intervention and more effective care. 

Globally, a substantial number of children experience various forms of parental maltreatment. Child protection agencies work to support these children and prevent further abuse or neglect, often through targeted interventions directed at the parents. Previous research has indicated that social workers may approach male and female perpetrators of maltreatment differently once a case is reported. To explore this further, focus group interviews were conducted to examine how Swedish social workers discuss and identify potential differences in how they approach female versus male perpetrators of maltreatment. Twenty social workers involved in assessing or delivering interventions in child maltreatment cases across three municipalities participated in one of the four focus group interviews. Through content analysis, three key themes emerged from the discussions: the conceptions of gender, approaching females versus males differently, and to deal with gender. Participants noted that they often adhered to traditional gender norms, placing higher expectations and more responsibility on mothers than fathers. Social workers were typically more supportive of fathers taking on parenting responsibilities while expecting mothers to be equally engaged without additional encouragement. The research invitation itself was viewed as an eye-opener for participants, revealing that traditional gender roles frequently influence child protection work, even though social workers generally uphold gender equality in other areas of their lives. These findings highlight the need for greater awareness among social workers and encourage the adoption of a more egalitarian view of parenting in their work with families. Additionally, the findings emphasize the importance of addressing and preventing gender stereotypes in social work with maltreated children and their parents, particularly through supervision and quality improvement efforts. This focus should also be integrated early into social work study programs at the university or training programs for professionals. 

Few intervention studies have combined in-person and digital components to facilitate coaches’ supportive interpersonal behaviors and promote positive youth outcomes. Grounded in self-determination theory (SDT), we examined whether a workshop, with or without smartphone-delivered boosters using a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) logic, improved players’ perceptions of need-supportive coaching, basic psychological need satisfaction, and enjoyment. Participants were 393 youth ice hockey players aged 12 to 16 years from 13 clubs whose coaches were allocated to a workshop-only (partial implementation), workshop plus digital boosters (full implementation), or control condition. Outcomes were assessed over 10 weeks and analyzed using multigroup multilevel growth models. Condition × time interactions showed that relatedness support was higher in both intervention arms compared with the control group. Only the partial-implementation group showed gains in autonomy support and autonomy satisfaction. No effects were observed for competence support, competence satisfaction, or enjoyment, and no significant differences emerged between the partial- and full-implementation groups. The findings highlight the potency of brief SDT-based youth coach interventions while underscoring the need for longer evaluation periods to determine whether JITAI digital boosters may help sustain or amplify intervention effects. 

This methodological article explores how the risks of othering can be addressed in educational research on religion and worldviews. Informed by feminist, decolonial, and Indigenous research traditions, the article expands an existing care ethics framework by integrating the principles of reflexivity and respect. A Swedish preschool teacher education project is used as an illustrative example to examine how six dimensions—international, societal, community, situational, event, and act—can guide socially sustainable research design. Rather than offering a fixed model, the framework is presented as a generative tool for reflection and adaptation. The article aims to contribute to ongoing methodological discussions by offering a possible approach to ethically grounded and inclusive research in superdiverse educational contexts.

Despite religion having a clear place in the Norwegian Framework Plan for Kindergartens, addressing religion in practice often appears to be challenging. This article examines how kindergarten staff understand and approach religion, and which discourses contribute to shaping this practice. The study is based on conversations conducted at the outset of an action research project in two kindergartens. The analysis identifies three categories: religion as private, religion as a sensitive topic, and limited self-efficacy when working with religion. These categories are used to discuss staff approaches to religion. The study is theoretically grounded in Foucault’s concepts of power and discourse and, through an abductive approach, develops the privatization of religion and religion as a challenge as analytical perspectives, understood as discourses in a Foucauldian sense.

This article presents a qualitative classroom study on how sixth-grade students in two religiously diverse Norwegian classrooms engage with Hinduism in the subject KRLE (Christianity, religion, worldviews and ethics) Neither the students nor the teacher had a Hindu background. Through classroom observations, interviews and observing a joint excursion to a Hindu temple, the study explores Hinduism's position as "the other" in religious education. Drawing on theories of religion, empathy, exoticism and othering, the article analyzes how students respond to unfamiliar and unexpected religious practices and ideas. The study contributes to the broader discourse on religious education by providing insights into how students engage with and understand religious diversity.

A core element in the curriculum for Norwegian Religious education (RE) is to take the perspective of others. Yet, perspective taking can seem a difficult task for students. This article draws on ethnographic material from a study of three Religion and Ethics classes in Norwegian upper secondary schools to explore how different concepts of religion in play in the classroom can explain misinterpretations and frustration when students discuss issues related to religion. The findings indicate that one of these concepts of religion was met with more understanding and accept than the other, and that it was easier for students who understood religion primarily as belief to make their voices heard than for students who understood religion more as identity. I discuss the findings in light of Linda Woodhead’s (2011) outline of different concepts of religion and Sara Ahmed’s (2007) concept of a normative white space, and suggest that an awareness of the different concepts of religion in play in the classroom could make it easier for students to take the perspective of others.

This article explores the role of popular culture in shaping representations of "the Other" within religious education, focusing on its potential to both enrich and challenge pedagogical practices. Based on interviews with sixteen upper secondary school teachers and classroom observations, the study highlights how popular culture can connect students' everyday experiences with complex theoretical concepts while addressing challenges such as reinforcing stereotypes and perpetuating Eurocentric perspectives. The findings demonstrate strategies teachers use to navigate these challenges, including contextualizing content and fostering critical media analysis. These approaches encourage students to critically engage with representations of "the Other" and promote cultural awareness. The article argues that diversifying educational materials to include non-Western perspectives fosters a more inclusive learning environment and strengthens students' critical thinking skills.

This study employs a comparative and multimodal analysis to examine Islam’s portrayal in Swedish educational films, contrasting it with Christianity and Buddhism. Comparison is essential for understanding each religion’s representation within the same material, while the multimodal approach, focusing on visual, auditory, and textual elements, captures the nuanced portrayals of 'rough' versus 'soft' religions. Islam is depicted as 'rough,' characterised by minimal soundscapes, suburban visuals, and framed within a Sunni normative perspective. Such a comparative lens reveals discursive values and biases, encouraging self–reflection and awareness. Teachers must be mindful in selecting educational films and understand how they can be used to foster a more balanced perspective. This portrayal depicts Islam as 'asphalt Islam', emphasising its association with urban, marginalised settings and highlighting the importance of critical engagement with these educational materials.

This article presents a systematic comparative review of research on Religious Education (RE) in South Africa and Sweden from 1994 to 2024. Through analysis of 77 peer-reviewed studies, it examines how historical trajectories, curricular frameworks and societal conditions shape the purposes, practices and conceptualisations of RE in each context. The findings show that both countries address common themes: pluralism, religious literacy, ethics, and existential questions - yet these take on distinct meanings in the two different national contexts.  In South Africa, RE is embedded within Life Skills and Life Orientation, reflecting post-apartheid aims of democratic transformation, social cohesion, dignity and relational ethics, including concepts such as Ubuntu. In Sweden, RE functions as a non-confessional, knowledge-based subject grounded in secular norms, analytical comparison and individual meaning-making. Using a comparative–interpretive approach, the study demonstrates how each context illuminates the other’s assumptions, highlighting the culturally situated nature of RE and the value of contrast for understanding educational responses to diversity.

Introduction and description of the articles in 2026:1 

Editorial Nordidactica 2025:1

Editorial 

Presentation of the five articles in Nordidactica 2025:3

The aim of this study was to explore how students’ and newly graduated preschool teachers’ beliefs about digital literacy in preschool develop, as well as the extent to which they see this as part of their mission from a democratic perspective. This longitudinal study followed a group of participants as students during their teacher education and 3 years as graduated teachers. Data consisted mainly of transcribed discussions and was analysed out from a theoretical understanding of teacher agency. The results revealed an initial scepticism regarding the use of digital tools in preschool; however, the participants’ attitudes changed during the preschool teacher programme, as they began to see a learning potential of digital tools. Three years after graduation, digitalisation was a givenpart of their work – including a democratic perspective. This article shows how education matters, and that it takes time for the preschool-teachers to develop their beliefs.

We study a time-fractional Fisher–KPP equation involving a Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative acting on the diffusion term, as derived by Angstmann and Henry (Entropy, 22:1035, 2020). The model captures memory effects in diffusive population dynamics and serves as a framework for tumor growth modeling. We first establish local well-posedness of weak solutions. The analysis combines a Galerkin approximation with a refined a priori estimate based on a Bihari–Henry–Gronwall inequality, addressing the nonlinear coupling between the fractional diffusion and the reaction term. For small initial data, we further prove global well-posedness and asymptotic stability. A numerical method based on a nonuniform convolution quadrature scheme is then proposed and validated. Simulations demonstrate distinct dynamical behaviors compared to conventional formulations, emphasizing the physical consistency of the present model in describing tumor progression.

Det här är en text som är skriven utifrån samma metod som den handlar om – kreativt akademiskt skrivande – och handlar om hur lärare kan stötta studenter med hjälp av den. Som skrivhandledare använder jag mig av kreativa övningar och tips som finns med som exempel i den här texten för att inspirera studenter att komma igång med det akademiska skrivandet. Med stöd i relevant litteratur hoppas jag att lärare efter att ha läst den här texten kan ha fått idéer på hur en kreativ skrivundervisning kan se ut. Med rubriken Stötta dina studenters skrivande vill jag uppmuntra allal ärare att göra så gott ni kan, att finnas där för studenterna, lyssna på dem och förmedla att skrivande kan vara både enkelt och roligt.

In the context of poststructuralist and postmodern philosophy, the concept of a decentered subject has always retained a powerful, deconstructive potential – tracing its conceptual history all the way back to Nietzsche and beyond. But are we not yet to realize its constructive potential, from an educational-philosophical point of view? In this paper, we attempt to reassess the potential of a decentered subject using a variety of resources – leaning for instance on notions from a Romantic philosophical tradition, as expressed by Schelling; on Jungian depth psychology; and on Rudolf Steiner’s writings on the central and peripheral self. In conclusion, we argue that a teacher may benefit from differentiating his/her understanding of decenteredness as well as from the ability to act out of a variety of psychic centers – of which the conscious ego is an important example, although not exclusively so. Also, we conclude that such attempts are likely to find success to the extent that they are grounded in the teacher’s ability to align him/herself to centers that are of a more spiritual nature; for instance as described by Jung’s writings on the nature of the Self archetype.