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  • 251.
    Berthold, Stefan
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Fischer-Hübner, Simone
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Martucci, Leonardo
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Pulls, Tobias
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Crime and Punishment in the Cloud: Accountability, Transparency, and Privacy2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The goal of this work is to reason on the complexity of the relationship between three non-functional requirements in cloud comput-ing; privacy, accountability, and transparency. We provide insights on the complexity of this relationship from the perspectives of end-users, cloud service providers, and third parties, such as auditors. We shed light onthe real and perceived conflicts between privacy, transparency, and accountability, using a formal definition of transparency and an analysis on how well a privacy-preserving transparency-enhancing tool may assist in achieving accountability. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of the privacy impact assessment process for the realisation of both transparency and accountability.

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  • 252.
    Berthold, Stefan
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Lundin, Reine
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Re-identification revisitedManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 253.
    Bhamare, Deval
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Kassler, Andreas
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Vestin, Jonathan
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Khoshkholghi, Mohammad Ali
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Taheri, Javid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    IntOpt: In-Band Network Telemetry Optimization for NFV Service Chain Monitoring2019In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) Próceedings, IEEE, 2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Managing and scaling virtual network function(VNF) service chains require the collection and analysis ofnetwork statistics and states in real time. Existing networkfunction virtualization (NFV) monitoring frameworks either donot have the capabilities to express the range of telemetryitems needed to perform management or do not scale tolarge traffic volumes and rates. We present IntOpt, a scalableand expressive telemetry system designed for flexible VNFservice chain network monitoring using active probing. IntOptallows to specify monitoring requirements for individual servicechain, which are mapped to telemetry item collection jobsthat fetch the required telemetry items from P4 (programmingprotocol-independent packet processors) programmable dataplaneelements. In our approach, the SDN controller creates theminimal number of monitoring flows to monitor the deployedservice chains as per their telemetry demands in the network.We propose a simulated annealing based random greedy metaheuristic(SARG) to minimize the overhead due to activeprobing and collection of telemetry items. Using P4-FPGA, webenchmark the overhead for telemetry collection and compareour simulated annealing based approach with a na¨ıve approachwhile optimally deploying telemetry collection probes. Ournumerical evaluation shows that the proposed approach canreduce the monitoring overhead by 39% and the total delays by57%. Such optimization may as well enable existing expressivemonitoring frameworks to scale for larger real-time networks.

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  • 254.
    Bhamare, Deval
    et al.
    University of Surrey, United Kingdom.
    Kassler, Andreas
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Vestin, Jonathan
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Khoshkholghi, Mohammad Ali
    King's College London, United Kingdom.
    Taheri, Javid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Mahmoodi, Toktam
    King's College London, United Kingdom.
    Öhlén, Peter
    Ericsson Research, Stockholm.
    Curescu, Calin
    Ericsson Research, Stockholm.
    IntOpt: In-band Network Telemetry optimization framework to monitor network slices using P42022In: Computer Networks, ISSN 1389-1286, E-ISSN 1872-7069, Vol. 216, article id 109214Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The emergence of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is being heralded as an enabler of the recent technologies such as 5G/6G, IoT and heterogeneous networks. Existing NFV monitoring frameworks either do not have the capabilities to express the range of telemetry items needed to perform management or do not scale to large traffic volumes and rates. We present IntOpt, a scalable and expressive telemetry system designed for flexible NFV monitoring using active probing and P4. IntOpt allows us to specify monitoring requirements for individual service chain, which are mapped to telemetry item collection jobs that fetch the required telemetry items from P4 programmable data-plane elements. We propose mixed integer linear program (MILP) as well as a simulated annealing based random greedy (SARG) meta-heuristic approach to minimize the overhead due to active probing and collection of telemetry items. Using P4-FPGA, we benchmark the overhead for telemetry collection. Our numerical evaluation shows that the proposed approach can reduce monitoring overheads by 39% and monitoring delays by 57%. Such optimization may as well enable existing expressive monitoring frameworks to scale for larger real-time networks. 

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  • 255.
    Bhamare, Deval
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Zolanvari, M.
    Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
    Erbad, A.
    Qatar Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Doha, Qatar.
    Jain, R.
    Washington Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.
    Khan, K.
    Qatar Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Doha, Qatar.
    Meskin, N.
    Qatar Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Doha, Qatar.
    Cybersecurity for industrial control systems: A survey2020In: Computers & security (Print), ISSN 0167-4048, E-ISSN 1872-6208, Vol. 89, article id 101677Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Industrial Control System (ICS) is a general term that includes supervisory control & data acquisition (SCADA) systems, distributed control systems (DCS), and other control system configurations such as programmable logic controllers (PLC). ICSs are often found in the industrial sectors and critical infrastructures, such as nuclear and thermal plants, water treatment facilities, power generation, heavy industries, and distribution systems. Though ICSs were kept isolated from the Internet for so long, significant achievable business benefits are driving a convergence between ICSs and the Internet as well as information technology (IT) environments, such as cloud computing. As a result, ICSs have been exposed to the attack vectors used in the majority of cyber-attacks. However, ICS devices are inherently much less secure against such advanced attack scenarios. A compromise to ICS can lead to enormous physical damage and danger to human lives. In this work, we have a close look at the shift of the ICS from stand-alone systems to cloud-based environments. Then we discuss the major works, from industry and academia towards the development of the secure ICSs, especially applicability of the machine learning techniques for the ICS cyber-security. The work may help to address the challenges of securing industrial processes, particularly while migrating them to the cloud environments.

  • 256.
    Bisztray, Tamas
    et al.
    University of Oslo, Norway.
    Gruschka, Nils
    University of Oslo, Norway.
    Mavroeidis, Vasileios
    University of Oslo, Norway.
    Fritsch, Lothar
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Data Protection Impact Assessment in Identity Control Management with a Focus on Biometrics2020In: Open Identity Summit 2020 / [ed] Heiko Roßnagel, Christian Schunck, Sebastian Mödersheim, Detlef Hühnlein, Bonn: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. , 2020, Vol. P-305, p. 185-192Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Privacy issues concerning biometric identification are becoming increasingly relevant due to their proliferation in various fields, including identity and access control management (IAM). The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires the implementation of a data protection impact assessment for privacy critical systems. In this paper, we analyse the usefulness of two different privacy impact assessment frameworks in the context of biometric data protection. We use experiences from the SWAN project that processes four different biometric characteristics for authentication purposes. The results of this comparison elucidate how useful these frameworks are in identifying sector-specific privacy risks related to IAM and biometric identification.

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  • 257.
    Björk, Christoffer
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Newbury, George
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Administrative management system: Complementing an existing system with new functionality and increased efficiency2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis is about how we delivered a product that eases maintenance and support of the client Ninetech’s system ServeIT. The product provides a website which has the purpose of providing an easy way to perform actions and show relevant information in a meaningful way. The functionalities that the product provides is showing all opticians within the different organizations in ServeIT and rebuilding search indexes when a product is added or removed by a supplier or optician. The specified requirements imposed by Ninetech were all implemented, and the final product is today used within their production environment. The project was purpose-fully made scalable, such that further development could be made by Ninetech once the project came to an end.

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    Administrative Management System
  • 258.
    Björk, Tim
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Exploring Change Point Detection in Network Equipment Logs2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Change point detection (CPD) is the method of detecting sudden changes in timeseries, and its importance is great concerning network traffic. With increased knowledge of occurring changes in data logs due to updates in networking equipment,a deeper understanding is allowed for interactions between the updates and theoperational resource usage. In a data log that reflects the amount of network traffic, there are large variations in the time series because of reasons such as connectioncount or external changes to the system. To circumvent these unwanted variationchanges and assort the deliberate variation changes is a challenge. In this thesis, we utilize data logs retrieved from a network equipment vendor to detect changes, then compare the detected changes to when firmware/signature updates were applied, configuration changes were made, etc. with the goal to achieve a deeper understanding of any interaction between firmware/signature/configuration changes and operational resource usage. Challenges in the data quality and data processing are addressed through data manipulation to counteract anomalies and unwanted variation, as well as experimentation with parameters to achieve the most ideal settings. Results are produced through experiments to test the accuracy of the various change pointdetection methods, and for investigation of various parameter settings. Through trial and error, a satisfactory configuration is achieved and used in large scale log detection experiments. The results from the experiments conclude that additional information about how changes in variation arises is required to derive the desired understanding.

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  • 259.
    Björklund, Anna-Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Lärares arbete i matematiken med elever i språksvårigheter: En kvalitativ intervjustudie.2016Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This work will focus on teachers' prevention for students with language difficulties so they don’t end up in mathematical difficulties. The purpose of this work is to see what methods, working methods, tools, skills and knowledge of teachers there is in a school in central Sweden. The study is based on qualitative interviews with five active teachers in grades 1-3 who teach in Swedish and mathematics, one of which is the first teacher of mathematics. A special educator who has much knowledge in language difficulties was also interviewed. What emerged in my research is that by working with many joint briefings, joint problem solving discussions to consolidate concepts and symbols it benefits all pupils not just those with late language development.

    The usefulness of the study was to provide knowledge on how teachers can help students with language difficulties at an early stage, so they do not get into difficulties in mathematics. The aim has been to find out what different methods, procedures and working materials there are to facilitate for the students in mathematics, despite their late language development. 

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    Ersätter originalet
  • 260.
    Bjørnebye, Morten
    et al.
    Høgskolen i Innlandet, Norway.
    Helseth, Anita
    Høgskolen i Innlandet, Norway.
    van Bommel, Jorryt
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Aesthetics in embodied task design in mathematics2023Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) research emphasises interdisciplinary approaches to developing skills needed for the 21st century. In this paper, we explore three aesthetically rich mathematical activities involving dance and bodily performance (e.g., creative body postures) with 6-year-old students. Supported by an embodied perspective of task design and a Deweyan view of aesthetics, we argue that a high degree of bodily engagement and a high degree of task integration allow space for creativity and imagination that may involve aesthetic dimensions. Specifically, we argue that body postures, bodily rotation, rhythm, and fluency in composite sequences of movement may connect art and mathematics in a way that treats the students as active creators of aesthetic experiences, in contrast to other STEAM approaches that do not consider bodily performance as a way of connecting art and mathematics.

  • 261.
    Blom, Martin
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Eldh, Sigrid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Is Common Test Data the Solution to Poor Quality?: Solving the Right Problem – An Analysis of a Public Health Information System2013In: Procedia Technology: HCIST 2013 - International Conference on Health and Social Care Information Systems and Technologies / [ed] Maria Manuela Cruz-Cunha, João Varajão, Helmut Krcmar and Ricardo Martinho, Elsevier, 2013, Vol. 9, p. 1227-1236Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports our initial findings regarding the state of testing of software in the Swedish public health information system. At present, the system is only available through a black-box interface, i.e. through the GUI. This and other issues related to politics, management and organization indicate that much work is needed in order for the software to have the quality level expected by a safety-critical system. The proposed solution by the public health organization for raising the quality is to use an independent test database. Based on our initial understanding of the problem, we argue that there might be other solutions that would perhaps be more cost-effective and have a stronger impact on the quality of the system. Our main contribution lies in the data analysis, where we have collected the problems and suggested alternative cost-saving solutions.

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  • 262.
    Blom, Martin
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Hassan, Mohammad Mahdi
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Applying clustering to analyze opinion diversity2015In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering / [ed] He (Jason) Zhang, New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2015Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In empirical software engineering research there is an increased use of questionnaires and surveys to collect information from practitioners. Typically, such data is then analyzed based on overall, descriptive statistics. Even though this can capture the general trends there is a risk that the opinions of different (minority) sub-groups are lost. Here we propose the use of clustering to segment the respondents so that a more detailed analysis can be achieved. Our findings suggest that it can give a better insight about the survey population and the participants' opinions. This partitioning approach can show more precisely the extent of opinion differences between different groups. This approach also gives an opportunity for the minorities to be heard. Through the process significant new findings may also be obtained. In our example study regarding the state of testing and requirement activities in industry, we found several significant groups that showed significant opinion differences from the overall conclusion.

  • 263.
    Blomberg, Per
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle.
    A comparison of two frameworks for the analysis of knowledge and skills for teaching statistics – MKT vs. RCM for PCK2022In: The relation between mathematics education research and teachers’ professional development / [ed] Linda Mattsson, Johan Häggström, Martin Carlsen, Cecilia Kilhamn, Hanna Palmér, Miguel Perez, Kerstin Pettersson, Svensk förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning - SMDF, 2022, p. 132-132Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This presentation is part of a Ph.D. project that aims to increase knowledgeabout how to support the development of teacher students’ pedagogical contentknowledge (PCK) for teaching statistical inference. Dealing with the existingdiversity of theoretical approaches is a well-known challenge for the researchcommunity. The focus of this short presentation is to compare two reputable frameworks: Mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) and Refinedconsensus model (RCM) for pedagogical content knowledge. This comparisonwill highlight their contributions, merits, shortcomings, and possible connections to evaluate and guide an ongoing teaching and learning design in teachereducation for primary school.

  • 264.
    Blomberg, Per
    et al.
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    Högström, Per
    Högskolan i Halmstad.
    Liljekvist, Yvonne
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Learning opportunities for pre-service teachers to develop pedagogical content knowledge for statistical inference2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recently, researchers have encouraged the teaching of statistical inference to students at all levels. However, what constitutes pre-service teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge for statistical inference has not yet been given specific attention in research. This paper presents a qualitative study of pre-service teachers participating in a collaborative learning setup in a mathematics course to be prepared for teaching statistics in primary school aged 6–10 years. The study reported here is the first cycle of a design research project. This first-phase study explores how pre-service teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge for statistical inference can be developed during their mathematics course. The findings show that pre-service teachers’ learning opportunities regarding pedagogical content knowledge for statistical inference are insufficient. Based on the initial results, an initial conjecture map was constructed that guides the forthcoming design cycle.

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  • 265.
    Blomster, Amanda
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Department of Language, Literature and Intercultural Studies. Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Fysisk aktivitet och matematiklärande: En kvalitativ studie om hur några lärare använder fysisk aktivitet i matematikundervisningen i förskoleklass2015Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study is to explore the use of physical activity in mathematics teaching. Through qualitative interviews with six teachers, the extent to which physical activity is used in mathematics education in pre school class was studied. The study shows how these teachers use physical activity in the education of mathematics and which effects the teachers can see that it has on the childrens mathematics learning. The result shows that physical activity is activly used by the respondents in mathematics teaching in different ways and that teachers can see positive effects of it.

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  • 266.
    Bobylev, Alexander
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Brantov, Andrei
    RAS, Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.;Dukhov All Russia Res Inst Automat, Moscow, Russia..
    Bychenkov, Valerii
    RAS, Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.;Dukhov All Russia Res Inst Automat, Moscow, Russia..
    Karpov, Stanislav
    Dukhov All Russia Res Inst Automat, Moscow, Russia..
    Potapenko, Irina
    Dukhov All Russia Res Inst Automat, Moscow, Russia.;RAS, Keldysh Inst Appl Math, Moscow 117901, Russia..
    DSMC Modeling of a Single Hot Spot Evolution Using the Landau-Fokker-Planck Equation2014In: Acta Applicandae Mathematicae - An International Survey Journal on Applying Mathematics and Mathematical Applications, ISSN 0167-8019, E-ISSN 1572-9036, Vol. 132, no 1, p. 107-116Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Numerical solution of a fully nonlinear one dimensional in space and three dimensional in velocity space electron kinetic equation is presented. Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method used for the nonlinear Landau-Fokker-Planck (LFP) collision operator is combined with Particle-in-Cell (PiC) simulations. An assumption of a self-consistent ambipolar electric field is used. The illustrative simulation results for the relaxation of the initial temperature perturbation are compared with the antecedent analytical and numerical results.

  • 267.
    Bobylev, Alexander
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Meleshko, Sergey V.
    Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand.
    Group analysis of the generalized Burnett equations2020In: Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics, ISSN 1402-9251, E-ISSN 1776-0852, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 494-494Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper group properties of the so-called Generalized Burnett equations are studied. In contrast to the clas-sical Burnett equations these equations are well-posed and therefore can be used in applications. We considerthe one-dimensional version of the generalized Burnett equations for Maxwell molecules in both Eulerian andLagrangian coordinates and perform the complete group analysis of these equations. In particular, this includesfinding and analyzing admitted Lie groups. Our classifications of the Lie symmetries of the Navier-Stokes equa-tions of compressible gas and generalized Burnett equations provide a basis for finding invariant solutions ofthese equations. We also consider representations of all invariant solutions. Some particular classes of invariantsolutions are studied in more detail by both analytical and numerical methods

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  • 268.
    Bock, S.
    et al.
    Technische Universität Berlin, DEU.
    Momen, Nurul
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    A Study on User Preference: Influencing App Selection Decision with Privacy Indicator2020In: HCI International 2020: Late Breaking Papers: User Experience Design and Case Studies, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2020, p. 579-599Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates how the use of privacy indicators in app stores can influence user behavior, and if the added information can improve consumer transparency. After a pre-study on the design and symbology, a visual privacy indicator was implemented and evaluated in an app market prototype. A total of 82 participants were asked to select a number of task-specific apps. By varying the degrees of participatory background information, we show that impact of a privacy indicator on app selection behavior has statistical significance and such privacy preserving behavior can be invoked by mere presence of the indicator.

  • 269.
    Bock, Sven
    et al.
    Technische Universität Berlin, DEU.
    Momen, Nurul
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Einfluss einer Datenschutzskala auf das Auswahlverhalten in einem App-Markt.2020In: Digitaler Wandel, digitale Arbeit, digitaler Mensch?, Dortmund: Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft (GfA), 2020, article id B.19.1Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [de]

    Beim Herunterladen von Smartphone-Applikationen wird bei den meist genutzten Plattformen kaum über den Datenaustausch und den Datenschutz informiert. Diese Studie zeigt den Einfluss einer im App-Markt implementierten Datenschutzskala auf das Nutzerverhalten. Die hinzugefügten App-spezifischen Informationen zum Datenaustausch und Datenzugriff führten zu einer sachkundigeren Applikationsauswahl bezüglich des Datenschutzes. Insgesamt 82 Teilnehmende wurden gebeten, vorgegebene Aufgaben an einem Smartphone zu erfüllen. Das Auswahlverhalten im einem prototypisierten App-Markt wurde aufgezeichnet und mit Hilfe eines Interviews von den Teilnehmenden reflektiert. Vier Stichproben wurden jeweils verschiedene Bedingungen dargeboten, um den Einfluss auf das Auswahlverhalten näher zu erfassen.

  • 270.
    Bock, Sven
    et al.
    Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
    Momen, Nurul
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Nudging the User with Privacy Indicator: A Study on the App Selection Behavior of the User2020In: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI '20), Tallinn, Estonia: ACM Digital Library, 2020, p. 1-12, article id 60Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents an empirical study on user behavior, decision making, and perception about privacy concern while selecting apps. An app store demo was presented to the user with a minor modification---a privacy indicator for each app. After carrying out several tasks using this modified mobile interface, participants were interviewed to document reasons behind their decisions, thought process, and perception regarding individual privacy. A total of 82 adults volunteered under the pretext of a usability study. A significant influence of the privacy indicator on their app selection behavior was observed, although this influence decreased in case of familiar apps. Furthermore, responses from questionnaires, data from eye-tracking device and documented interviews, with video confrontation showed coherence with respect to the corresponding app selection behavior.

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  • 271.
    Bodén, Johan
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    A Comparative Study of Reinforcement-­based and Semi­-classical Learning in Sensor Fusion2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Reinforcement learning has proven itself very useful in certain areas, such as games. However, the approach has been seen as quite limited. Reinforcement-based learning has for instance not been commonly used for classification tasks as it is receiving feedback on how well it did for an action performed on a specific input. This slows the performance convergence rate as compared to other classification approaches which has the input and the corresponding output to train on. Nevertheless, this thesis aims to investigate whether reinforcement-based learning could successfully be employed on a classification task. Moreover, as sensor fusion is an expanding field which can for instance assist autonomous vehicles in understanding its surroundings, it is also interesting to see how sensor fusion, i.e., fusion between lidar and RGB images, could increase the performance in a classification task.

    In this thesis, a reinforcement-based learning approach is compared to a semi-classical approach. As an example of a reinforcement learning model, a deep Q-learning network was chosen, and a support vector machine classifier built on top of a deep neural network, was chosen as an example of a semi-classical model. In this work, these frameworks are compared with and without sensor fusion to see whether fusion improves their performance.

    Experiments show that the evaluated reinforcement-based learning approach underperforms in terms of metrics but mainly due to its slow learning process, in comparison to the semi-classical approach. However, on the other hand using reinforcement-based learning to carry out a classification task could still in some cases be advantageous, as it still performs fairly well in terms of the metrics presented in this work, e.g. F1-score, or for instance imbalanced datasets. As for the impact of sensor fusion, a notable improvement can be seen, e.g. when training the deep Q-learning model for 50 episodes, the F1-score increased with 0.1329; especially, when taking into account that the most of the lidar data used in the fusion is lost since this work projects the 3D lidar data onto the same 2D plane as the RGB images.

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  • 272.
    Bokhari, Ahmad H.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Sweden.
    Berggren, Martin
    Umeå University, Sweden.
    Noreland, Daniel
    Uppsala Science Park, Sweden; Umeå University, Sweden.
    Wadbro, Eddie
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Umeå University, Sweden.
    Loudspeaker cabinet design by topology optimization2023In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 13, no 1, article id 21248Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Using material distribution-based topology optimization, we optimize the bandpass design of a loudspeaker cabinet targeting low frequencies. The objective is to maximize the loudspeaker’s output power for a single frequency as well as a range of frequencies. To model the loudspeaker’s performance, we combine a linear electromechanical transducer model with a computationally efficient hybrid 2D–3D model for sound propagation. The adjoint variable approach computes the gradients of the objective function with respect to the design variables, and the Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA) solves the topology optimization problem. To manage intermediate values of the material indicator function, a quadratic penalty is added to the objective function, and a non-linear filter is used to obtain a mesh independent design. By carefully selecting the target frequency range, we can guide the optimization algorithm to successfully generate a loudspeaker design with the required bandpass character. To the best of our knowledge, this study constitutes the first successful attempt to design the interior structure of a loudspeaker cabinet using topology optimization.

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  • 273.
    Bokhari, Ahmad H.
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Sverige.
    Hassan, Emadeldeen
    Umeå universitet, Sverige; Menoufia University, Egypt.
    Wadbro, Eddie
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Umeå universitet, Sverige.
    Topology optimization of microwave frequency dividing multiplexers2023In: Structural and multidisciplinary optimization (Print), ISSN 1615-147X, E-ISSN 1615-1488, Vol. 66, no 5, article id 106Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We use material-distribution-based topology optimization to design a three-port frequency dividing multiplexer at microwave frequencies. That is, by placing a good electric conductor inside the design domain, we aim to design a passive device that splits the incoming signal’s frequencies into two frequency bands and transmits them to their respective output ports. The Helmholtz equation models the time-harmonic wave propagation problem. We solve the governing equation using the finite element method. The adjoint variable method provides the required gradients, and we solve the topology optimization problem using Svanberg’s MMA algorithm. In this study, we present a technique for modeling the distribution of a good electric conductor within the design domain. In addition, we derive a power balance expression, which aids in formulating a series of three objective functions. In each successive objective function, we add more information and evaluate its impact on the results. The results show that by selecting a suitable objective function, we achieve more than 93.7% transmission for both the frequency bands. Moreover, the numerical experiments suggest that the optimization problem is self penalized and is sensitive to the initial design. 

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  • 274.
    Bondarenko, Olga
    et al.
    Simula Research laboratory.
    Rajiullah, Mohammad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Griwodz, Carsten
    Simula Research laboratory.
    Calvet, Lilian
    Simula Research laboratory.
    Brunstrom, Anna
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Petlund, Andreas
    Simula Research laboratory.
    Elmokashfi, Ahmed
    Simula Research laboratory.
    A Method for Hierarchical Clustering of Internet Traffic and its Use in Detecting Application-Limited FlowsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 275.
    Boodaghian Asl, Arsineh
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Karlstad Business School (from 2013).
    Gokan Khan, Michel
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    An Empirical Study On GUI-ii Interview Methods In Participatory Design2019In: IADIS (International association for developement of the information society) digital library / [ed] Katherine Blashki and Yingcai Xiao, IADIS Press , 2019, p. 3-10Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Graphical user interface interaction interview (GUI-ii), is a recently purposed method in which designers can remotely co-design and review GUI prototypes by eliminating the need for physical presence of co-designers. However, there are some concerns regarding the accuracy of such remote interview methods, as users do not have any physical interaction with the designers during their interview. In this work, for the first time, we compare GUI-ii methods with the traditional face-to-face interview processes to study their effectiveness in various design phases. The result shows that GUI-ii method is most effective when used in Ozlab.    

  • 276.
    Boodaghian Asl, Arsineh
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Karlstad Business School (from 2013).
    Gokan Khan, Michel
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Model-Based Interview Method Selection Approach in Participatory Design2020In: Interactivity and the Future of the Human-Computer Interface, IGI Global, 2020, p. 206-223Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Participatory design is a technique which is being used by system designers to involve the end users and product owners throughout the design process. Even though utilizing this approach brings customers to the design process, implementing it requires a budget, a place, time, and other resources. This chapter demonstrates a model-based approach to facilitate the selection of interviews for each design phase such as listing elements for the interface, choosing location for components, making decision for the general look of the component, finally making the component interactable. Interface designers can use the model to choose different type of interview method for different design phases such as interface components, sketching, lo-fi prototyping and hi-fi prototyping, according to their resources. The research focus is on four different participatory design interview method, which are GUI-ii face-to-face, GUI-ii screen-sharing, GUI-ii Ozlab, and traditional face-to-face interview.

  • 277.
    Boodaghian Asl, Arsineh
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Karlstad Business School (from 2013).
    Gokan Khan, Michel
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Studying the effect of online medical applications on patients healing time and doctors utilization using discrete event simulation2019In: 2019 E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB), IEEE, 2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Online Medical Applications (OMA) has evolved dramatically in the last few years, and, consequently, the number of patients using it has also grown exponentially. Patients who are seeking non-emergency but immediate medical services or consultant may save time and money by approaching online doctors through OMAs instead of visiting them physically in healthcare centers. Additionally, medical doctors quantity contributing to OMAs growth, which can affect patients average waiting time and the queue size in healthcare centers. In this paper, We have developed a Discrete Event Simulation (DES) model to study the effects of using OMA on the patients healing time and doctors utilization by comparing it with the same process in healthcare centers. Additionaly, we compared patients average queue size, maximum number of patients in the queue, and total number of healed patients in our study. The results of this simulation showed that the healing process in OMA could serve the same number of patients in ~46% shorter time compared to healthcare centers with ~5.7% less doctors' utilization.

  • 278.
    Borg, Andreas
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Department of Educational Studies (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Ruthven, Kenneth
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research. Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Programming as a mathematical instrument: the implementation of an analytic framework2020In: Mathematics Education in the Digital Age (MEDA) PROCEEDINGS / [ed] Ana Donevska-Todorova, Eleonora Faggiano, Jana Trgalova, Zsolt Lavicza, Robert Weinhandl, Alison Clark-Wilson, Hans-Georg Weigand, 2020, p. 435-442Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper relates to an ongoing project using design-based research as a methodol- ogical approach in which students with no prior experiences of using programming as a mathematical tool are observed trying to solve mathematical problems with the help of programming. The Instrumental Approach is used as conceptual framework in which the concept of instrumental genesis describes the process where the programming environment as an artefact together with student-developed mental schemes forms an instrument in order to solve mathematical problems. The development of schemes is of special interest in this paper where Vergnaud’s components of a scheme provide a framework for analysing transcripts of talk between student pairs and the programming code that they generate.

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  • 279. Borges, Fabio
    et al.
    Martucci, Leonardo
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    iKUP keeps users' privacy in the Smart Grid2014In: Communications and Network Security (CNS), 2014 IEEE Conference on, IEEE, 2014, p. 310-318Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Privacy-enhancing technologies for the Smart Grid usually address either the consolidation of users’ energy consumption or the verification of billing information. The goal of this paper is to introduce iKUP, a protocol that addresses both problems simultaneously. iKUP is an efficient privacy-enhancingprotocol based on DC-Nets and Elliptic Curve Cryptography as Commitment. It covers the entire cycle of power provisioning, consumption, billing, and verification. iKUP allows: (i) utility providers to obtain a consolidated energy consumption value that relates to the consumption of a user set, (ii) utility providers to verify the correctness of this consolidated value, and (iii) the verification of the correctness of the billing information by both utility providers and users. iKUP prevents utility providers from identifying individual contributions to the consolidated value and, therefore, protects the users’ privacy. The analytical performance evaluation of iKUP is validated through simulation using as input a real-world data set with over 157 million measurements collected from 6,345 smart meters. Our results show that iKUP has a worse performance than other protocols in aggregationand decryption, which are operations that happen only once per round of measurements and, thus, have a low impactin the total protocol performance. iKUP heavily outperformsother protocols in encryption, which is the most demanded cryptographic function, has the highest impact on the overall protocol performance, and it is executed in the smart meters.

  • 280. Borges, Fábio
    et al.
    Martucci, Leonardo
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Beato, Filipe
    Mühlhäuser, Max
    Secure and Privacy-Friendly Public Key Generation and Certification2014In: 2014 IEEE 13th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, New York: IEEE, 2014, p. 114-121Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Digital societies increasingly rely on secure communication between parties. Certificate enrollment protocols are used by certificate authorities to issue public key certificates to clients. Key agreement protocols, such as Diffie-Hellman, are used to compute secret keys, using public keys as input, for establishing secure communication channels. Whenever the keys are generated by clients, the bootstrap process requires either (a) an out-of-band verification for certification of keys when those are generated by the clients themselves, or (b) a trusted server to generate both the public and secret parameters. This paper presents a novel constrained key agreement protocol, built upon a constrained Diffie-Hellman, which is used to generate a secure public-private key pair, and to set up a certification environment without disclosing the private keys. In this way, the servers can guarantee that the generated key parameters are safe, and the clients do not disclose any secret information to the servers.

  • 281.
    Borges, Fábio
    et al.
    Technische Universität Darmstad, Germany.
    Martucci, Leonardo
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Mühlhäuser, Max
    Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany.
    Analysis of privacy-enhancing protocols based on anonymity networks2012In: Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm), 2012 IEEE Third International Conference on, IEEE, 2012, p. 378-383Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we analyze privacy-enhancing protocols for Smart Grids that are based on anonymity networks. The underlying idea behind such protocols is attributing two distinct partial identities for each consumer. One is used to send real-time information about the power consumption, and the other for transmitting the billing information. Such protocols provide sender-anonymity for the real-time information, while consolidated data is sent for billing. In this work, the privacy properties of such protocols are analyzed, and their computational efficiencyis evaluated and compared using simulation to other solutionsbased on homomorphic encryption.

  • 282.
    Borgudd, Sebastian
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    React app för Dreamtsoft: Integration av open-source-bibliotek i app-plattform2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This project has been carried out to explore the possibilities of working with open-source frameworks and libraries in an existing system. For this project, the existing system is the web application platform Dreamtsoft. The project is divided into two main goals, the first main goal is to integrate an existing web application from a previous project using modern web technologies, specifically React with a number of support libraries. The second main goal is to create a process to automate the integration of node_modules into Dreamtsoft.

    Both main goals were achieved, the first main goal resulted in an implementation of the existing web application, with a number of minor changes to the functionality. The second main goal resulted in a script to convert node_modules to files that work in Dreamtsoft and an implementation of the React Trello package as a Dreamtsoft component.

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  • 283.
    Bozakov, Zdravko
    et al.
    Dell EMC.
    Brunström, Anna
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Damjanovic, Dragana
    Mozilla.
    Riktor Evensen, Kristian
    Celerway.
    Fairhurst, Gorry
    University of Aberdeen, UK..
    Grinnemo, Karl-Johan
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Jones, Tom
    University of Aberdeen, UK..
    Mangiante, Simone
    Dell EMC.
    Papastergiou, Giorgos
    Simula.
    Ros, David
    Simula.
    Tüxen, Michael
    FH Münster, Germany.
    Welzl, Michael
    University of Oslo, Norway.
    Deliverable D2.1 - First Version of Low-Level Core Transport System2016Report (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This document presents the first version of the low-level Core Transport System in NEAT, to be used for development of a reference implementation of the NEAT System. The design of this core transport system takes into consideration the Transport Services and the API defined in Task 1.3 and in close coordination with the overall architecture (Task 1.2). To realise the basic Transport Services provided by the API, a set of low-level transport functionalities has to be provided by the NEAT core transport system. These functionalities take the formof several building blocks, or NEAT Components, each representing an associated implementation activity. Some of the components are needed to ensure the basic operation of the NEAT System—e.g., a NEAT Flow Endpoint, a callback-based NEAT API Framework, the NEAT Logic and the functionality to Connect to a name. Some other components are needed to ensure connectivity usingMiddlebox Traversal techniques (e.g., TURN), discovery of path support for different transport protocols using Happy Eyeballs mechanisms, offering end-to end Security (e.g., (D)TLS over transport), gather statistics for the users or system administrators, and the ability to apply different policies in order to influence the decision-making process of the transport system. This document describes each of these building blocks and related design choices.

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  • 284.
    Bozakov, Zdravko
    et al.
    Dell EMC, Ireland.
    Mangiante, Simone
    Dell EMC, Ireland.
    Hernandez Benet, Cristian
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Brunström, Anna
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, Centre for HumanIT.
    Santos, Ricardo
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Kassler, Andreas
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Buckley, Donagh
    Dell EMC, Ireland.
    A NEAT framework for enhanced end-host integration in SDN environments2017In: 2017 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN), IEEE, 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SDN aims to facilitate the management of increasingly complex, dynamic network environments and optimize the use of the resources available therein with minimal operator intervention. To this end, SDN controllers maintain a global view of the network topology and its state. However, the extraction of information about network flows and other network metrics remains a non-trivial challenge. Network applications exhibit a wide range of properties, posing diverse, often conflicting, demands towards the network. As these requirements are typically not known, controllers must rely on error-prone heuristics to extract them. In this work, we develop a framework which allows applications deployed in an SDN environment to explicitly express their requirements to the network. Conversely, it allows network controllers to deploy policies on end-hosts and to supply applications with information about network paths, salient servers and other relevant metrics. The proposed approach opens the door for fine grained, application-aware resource optimization strategies in SDNs

  • 285.
    Brandl, Matthias
    et al.
    University of Passau, Germany.
    Vinerean-Bernhoff, Mirela
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Narrative Didactics in Mathematics Education: Results from a University Geometry Course2023In: Open Education Studies, ISSN 2544-7831, Vol. 5, no 1, article id 20220186Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In a Swedish second semester course on Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry in mathematics education at Karlstad University, a bridging teaching strategy comprising elements from Mathematics, Didactics, History, Literature, and Technology was applied by using the concept of Narrative Didactics and Digital Interactive Mathematical Maps developed by the Professorship for Didactics of Mathematics at the University of Passau, Germany. The complete assessment of the teaching strategy comprised both an evaluation of the technological and the narrative didactical scaffolding and was partly analysed previously concerning especially the technology acceptance aspect, while here we broaden and deepen the evaluation analysis of the application of narrative didactic elements. Regarding the latter, at the end of the course, students were asked to formulate a short historical-oriented narrative motivation for a school topic of own choice with the help of information provided by the timeline of the Mathematical Map. A representative example of these art-combining products is presented and evaluated according to elements of narrative didactics. Results indicate a fruitful, promising, and synergetic connection between different fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, the Arts, and Mathematics that can lead to a richer and more sustainable learning process in mathematics lessons both at university and school level.

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  • 286.
    Briscoe, Bob
    et al.
    BT, Ipswich IP5 3RE, Suffolk, England.
    Brunström, Anna
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Petlund, Andreas
    Simula Res Lab AS, N-1364 Fornebu, Norway..
    Hayes, David
    Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway..
    Ros, David
    Simula Res Lab AS, N-1364 Fornebu, Norway..
    Tsang, Ing-Jyh
    Alcatel Lucent, Bell Labs, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium..
    Gjessing, Stein
    Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway..
    Fairhurst, Gorry
    Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, Scotland..
    Griwodz, Carsten
    Simula Res Lab AS, N-1364 Fornebu, Norway..
    Welzl, Michael
    Univ Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway..
    Reducing Internet Latency: A Survey of Techniques and Their Merits2016In: IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, E-ISSN 1553-877X, Vol. 18, no 3, p. 2149-2196Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Latency is increasingly becoming a performance bottleneck for Internet Protocol (IP) networks, but historically, networks have been designed with aims of maximizing throughput and utilization. This paper offers a broad survey of techniques aimed at tackling latency in the literature up to August 2014, as well as their merits. A goal of this work is to be able to quantify and compare the merits of the different Internet latency reducing techniques, contrasting their gains in delay reduction versus the pain required to implement and deploy them. We found that classifying techniques according to the sources of delay they alleviate provided the best insight into the following issues: 1) The structural arrangement of a network, such as placement of servers and suboptimal routes, can contribute significantly to latency; 2) each interaction between communicating endpoints adds a Round Trip Time (RTT) to latency, particularly significant for short flows; 3) in addition to base propagation delay, several sources of delay accumulate along transmission paths, today intermittently dominated by queuing delays; 4) it takes time to sense and use available capacity, with overuse inflicting latency on other flows sharing the capacity; and 5) within end systems, delay sources include operating system buffering, head-of-line blocking, and hardware interaction. No single source of delay dominates in all cases, and many of these sources are spasmodic and highly variable. Solutions addressing these sources often both reduce the overall latency and make it more predictable.

  • 287.
    Bro, Farh
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, Department of Computer Science. Student.
    Korkis, Rozali
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, Department of Computer Science. Student.
    Applikation för digitala ledighets ansökningar på Android-enheter: Ett steg mot ett modernare arbetssätt2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The world is becoming more digital, which has led to the development of new methods to facilitate the work for us humans, for example the use of mobile devices to simplify everyday services as most larger companies such as Facebook has mobile applications that make users’ experience of the service better and much easier. In this project, a mobile application has been created for Askås. It is an application for managing the various services for employees in the company. Askås employees can send all leave applications via the app and it provides an opportunity for their managers to respond to the applications. The thesis describes details about the development work and how we proceeded, and ends with a description of the problems we encountered and how well the result is in line with the goals. 

  • 288.
    Bromander, Anton
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Using Privacy Indicators to Nudge Users into Selecting Privacy Friendly Applications2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the play store today, users are shown download count, app rating, reviews, screenshots etc. when deciding to download an application, and it’s shown very conveniently. If the users however are interested in viewing privacy in- formation about the application, it is multiple clicks away and there is no default in how to display it. This is where privacy indicators come in handy. With privacy indicators, data can be analyzed and displayed to the user in a way they understand, even if they don’t understand what the data itself means and what is dangerous. This however comes with the challenge of deciding what is dangerous and what is not.

    This report creates and implements an app store with added privacy infor- mation displayed to the user in the form of a privacy indicator and some detailed information about each application. To test the effectiveness of the privacy indicator, a small scale study was conducted where it was discovered that users who were not already interested in privacy didn’t pay much at- tention to it, while those who were took it more into account when deciding to download applications.

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  • 289.
    Brunström, Anna
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Han, BoGeorge Mason University, USA.
    5G-MeMU 2021: Proceedings of the 2021 Workshop on 5G Measurements, Modeling, and Use Cases2021Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
  • 290.
    Brunström, Mats
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    An Expanded Version of Toulmin’s Model to Analyze Students’ Mathematical Reasoning in a Dynamic Software EnvironmentManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Toulmin’s model of argumentation has been used to analyse mathematical reasoning in a wide range of contexts. While conducting a recent case study of students’ mathematical reasoning in a dynamic software environment, it proved advantageous to develop an expanded version of this model to deepen the data analysis. Since this expanded model served well to discern and illustrate characteristic features in students’ reasoning, the question arose of whether it could also be useful in other cases. The present paper addresses this question, by considering further examples of students working in pairs in a dynamic software environment. The model was examined using data from two different studies, varying in the types of task and level of mathematics concerned. Transcribed data from these studies were interpreted in terms of the model to examine its applicability. Assessment of its use in all three studies shows that the expanded version of Toulmin’s model can enhance its capacity to analyse reasoning in this type of setting. At the same time, the operationalization of the model in concrete situations can sometimes be debatable, emphasising the importance of elucidating the interpretation principles used.

  • 291.
    Brunström, Mats
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Matematiska resonemang i en lärandemiljö med dynamiska matematikprogram2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The overall problem that formed the basis for this thesis is that students get limited opportunity to develop their mathematical reasoning ability while, at the same time, there are dynamic mathematics software available which can be used to foster this ability. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to knowledge in this area by focusing on task design in a dynamic software environment and by studying the reasoning that emerges when students work on tasks in such an environment. To analyze students’ mathematical reasoning, a new analytical tool was developed in the form of an expanded version of Toulmin’s model.

    Results from one of the studies in this thesis show that exploratory tasks in a dynamic software environment can promote mathematical reasoning in which claims are formulated, examined and refined in a cyclic process. However, this reasoning often displayed a lack of the more conceptual, analytic and explanatory reasoning normally associated with mathematics. This result was partly confirmed by another of the studies. Hence, one key question in the thesis has been how to design tasks that promote conceptual and explanatory reasoning. Two articles in the thesis deal with task design. One of them suggests a model for task design with a focus on exploration, explanation, and generalization. This model aims, first, to promote semantic proof production and then, after the proof has been constructed, to encourage further generalizations. The other article dealing with task design concerns the design of prediction tasks to foster student reasoning about exponential functions. The research process pinpointed key didactical variables that proved crucial in designing these tasks.

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  • 292.
    Brunström, Mats
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Students’ Mathematical Reasoning in a Dynamic Software EnvironmentManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Mathematical reasoning has been identified as one of the key competencies needed to master mathematics. It is also well documented that dynamic mathematics software can be utilized to provide students with opportunities to practice different aspects of mathematical reasoning. In this study an expanded version of Toulmin’s model of argumentation was used to analyze the reasoning that emerged when three student pairs used GeoGebra to explore how the different parameters influence the graph of the function y = A sin (Bx + C) + D. Several characteristic features, both promising and cautionary, were discerned in the students’ reasoning.

  • 293.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Designing Prediction Tasks in a Mathematics Software Environment2015In: The International Journal for Technology in Mathematics Education, ISSN 1744-2710, E-ISSN 2045-2519, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 3-18Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a recognized need in mathematics teaching for new kinds of task which exploit the affordances provided by new technology. This paper focuses on the design of prediction tasks to foster student reasoning about exponential functions in a mathematics software environment. It draws on the first iteration of a design based research study conducted by the authors in collaboration with four upper secondary school teachers. A task sequence was trailed with four 10th grade classes, involving a total of 85 students. The research process pinpointed key didactical variables that proved crucial in designing these tasks. As well as being useful in the task design process, the didactical variables were found to be valuable in the processes of analysis and revision. While the didactical variables identified a priori were informed by the research literature concerning reasoning and functions, those identified a posteriori deal mainly with scaffolding issues that emerged.  

  • 294.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science.
    GeoGebra - A Tool to Create Favorable Learning Situations with Emphasize on Logical Reasoning and Communication2009Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Logic reasoning and communication are general competencies, important in all areas of mathematics. We think that one of the major advantages of GeoGebra is the possibility to create favorable learning situations for these competencies. We would like to investigate these possibilities. Our main interest is to find out how students use logic reasoning and how they communicate when they work in pairs with GeoGebra. We think that investigating the validity of certain geometrical statements is a kind of task appropriate for this purpose

  • 295.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Orchestration of mathematical discussions drawing on students’ computer-based work2017In: ICT in mathematics education: the future and the realities: Proceedings of MADIF 10 The tenth research seminar of the Swedish Society for Research in Mathematics Education / [ed] Johan Häggström, Eva Norén, Jorryt van Bommel, Judy Sayers, Ola Helenius, Yvonne Liljekvist, Göteborg: Svensk förening för MatematikDidaktisk Forskning - SMDF, 2017, p. 77-87Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Research points out the importance of following up students’ work on computerbasedtasks with whole-class discussions in which students play a central role.However, at the same time, research highlights the challenge for teachers in orchestratingsuch follow-up discussions. This paper examines whether an establishedmodel developed as guidance for teachers to orchestrate mathematical whole-classdiscussions (Stein, Engle, Smith & Hughes, 2008) could be useful in this educationalsetting. Students’ written responses to two different tasks are the main data used toexamine the model. The results indicate that the model has great potential to guidethese follow-up discussions

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  • 296.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Vinerean, Mirela
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, Department of Mathematics. Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Wondmagegne, Yosief
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Designing for a combined use of a dynamic mathematics software environment and a computer-aided assessment system2022In: Proceedings of the Twelfth Congress of the European Research Society in Mathematics Education (CERME12) / [ed] J. Hodgen, E. Geraniou, G. Bolondi, & F. Ferrettti, ERME , 2022Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports on a pilot study with the focus on (re)design of a digitized task environment utilizing two types of technology – a dynamic mathematics software and a computer-aided assessment system. The data consist of responses from 256 first year engineering students, taking their first Calculus course, on two different types of task. The results are discussed in relation to (re)design of tasks as well as possible feedback design options to enable a formative assessment approach.

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    fulltext
  • 297.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Fahlgren, Maria
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013). Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Science, Mathematics and Engineering Education Research.
    Vinerean-Bernhoff, Mirela
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Wondmagegne, Yosief
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Computer-aided assessment based on dynamic mathematics investigations2020In: Proceedings of the Tenth ERME Topic Conference (ETC 10) on Mathematics Education in the Digital Age (MEDA), 16-18 September 2020 in Linz, Austria / [ed] A. Donevska-Todorova, E. Faggiano, J. Trgalová, Z. Lavicza, R. Weinhandl, A. Clark-Wilson, & H.-G. Weigand, Linz, Austria, 2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the poster, we will present a planned study focusing on the design of DMS tasks and elaborated feedback within a CAA system. The study will be conducted in a first year engineering mathematics course during autumn 2020.

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    fulltext
  • 298.
    Brunström, Mats
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Mossberg, Eva
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Vinerean-Bernhoff, Mirela
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    An exploratory approach to engineering mathematics using GeoGebra2016Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 299.
    Buckley, Jim
    et al.
    Univ Limerick, Lero CSIS, Limerick, Ireland.
    Herold, Sebastian
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Pruijt, Leo
    HU Univ Appl Sci, Dept ICT, NL-3513 EX Utrecht, Netherlands.
    The 4th Workshop on Software Architecture Erosion and Architectural Consistency (SAEroCon 2017)2017In: PROCEEDINGS 11TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE (ECSA 2017) - COMPANION VOLUME / [ed] Book Group Author(s):ACM, Broadway, New York: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2017Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 300.
    Buckley, Jim
    et al.
    University of Limerick / Lero, Ireland.
    Rosik, Jacek
    University of Limerick / Lero, Ireland.
    Herold, Sebastian
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Mathematics and Computer Science (from 2013).
    Wasala, Asanka
    University of Limerick / Lero, Ireland.
    Botterweck, Götz
    University of Limerick / Lero, Ireland.
    Exton, Chris
    University of Limerick / Lero, Ireland.
    FLINTS: A Tool for Architectural-level Modeling of Features in Software Systems2016In: ECSAW 2016 Proceedings of the 2016 European Conference on Software Architecture Conference Workshops, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2016Conference paper (Refereed)
3456789 251 - 300 of 1658
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