This report summarises the Interreg project Biocultural heritage and alternative foodproduction (Biokuma). The project, which ran from October 2020 to September 2022,is part of Interreg’s Sweden-Norway programme. The EU program provides supportfor Swedish-Norwegian project collaborations that develop society in various fields ofaction. In accordance with the purpose of the project, Biokuma has contributed to thebuilding of knowledge that shows that alternative modes of operation in agriculturesafeguard and continue a biocultural heritage. Alternative food production thus contri-butes to the transition to a sustainable society. However, the alternative food produ-cers are mainly interested in the green parts of the biocultural heritage. In other words,a strengthening of the cultural heritage perspective would be desirable for a moreefficient reproduction and management of the biocultural heritage. Also when it comes to knowledge transfer, both in the form of formal training and practice, the green partsof the biocultural heritage are often emphasized. Another problem, demonstrated inthe Biokuma project, is that the alternative food producers face a series of challengesin their business, and several of these challenges pose threats to the sustainability ofthis form of business. Something that in turn poses a threat to the reproduction of thebiocultural heritage that the alternative food producers stand for. Small-scale farming inharmony with nature is labour-intensive. The work provides societal natural and culturalenvironmental benefits for which the farmer usually does not get paid. The sales workis also often time-consuming and takes place in a variety of ways, for example throughRekoring, outdoor markets, recurring markets or food events, farm shops, egg sheds,subscription, self-picking, e-commerce, retail, own or others’ café or restaurant. Alsoby selling to processing companies and food artisans or for institutional kitchens. Thefarms can also get income from their farming in other ways, for example by renting outanimals for clearing and land preparation, as well as nature conservation work withcows in wetlands and goats at pastures.