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  • 1.
    From, Ingrid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Experiences of health and care when being old and dependent on community care2007Licentiate thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 2.
    From, Ingrid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Health and quality of care from older peoples' and formal caregivers' perspective2011Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to gain a deeper understanding of older people's view of health and care while dependent on community care. Furthermore to describe and compare formal caregivers' perceptions of quality of care, working conditions, competence, general health, and factors associated with quality of care from the caregivers' perspective.

    Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 older people in community care who were asked to describe what health and ill health((I), good and bad care meant for them (II). Data were analyzed using content analysis (I) and a phenomenological analysis (II).

    The formal caregivers; 70 nursing assistants (NAs) 163 enrolled nurses (ENs) and 198 registered nurses (RNs), answered a questionnaire consisting of five instruments: quality of care from the patient's perspective modified to formal caregivers, creative climate questionnaire, stress of conscience, health index, sense of coherence and items on education and competence (III). Statistical analyses were performed containing descriptive statistics, and comparisons between the occupational groups were made using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson's Chi-square test (III). Pearson's  product moment correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed studying the associations between organizational climate, stress of conscience, competence, general health and sense of coherence with quality of care (IV).

    Results: The older people's health and well-being were related to their own ability to adapt to and compensate for their disabilities and was described as negative and positive poles of autonomy vs. dependence, togetherness vs. being an onlooker, security vs. insecurity and tranquility vs. disturbance (I).  The meaning of good care (II) was that the formal caregivers respected the older people as unique individuals, having the opportunity to live their lives as usual and receiving a safe and secure care. Good care could be experienced when the formal caregivers had adequate knowledge and competence in caring for older people, adequate time and continuity in the care organization (II).

    Formal caregivers reported higher perceived quality of care in the dimensions medical-technical competence and physical-technical conditions than in identity-oriented approach and socio-cultural atmosphere (III). In the organizational climate three of the dimensions were close to the value of a creative climate and in seven near a stagnant climate. The formal caregivers reported low rate of stress of conscience. The RNs reported to a higher degree than the NAs/ENs a need to gain more knowledge, but the NAs and the ENs more often received training during working hours. The RNs reported lower emotional well-being than the NAs/ENs (III). The formal caregivers' occupation, organizational climate and stress of conscience were associated with perceived quality of care (IV).

    Implications: The formal caregivers should have an awareness of the importance of kindness and respect, supporting the older people to retain control over their lives. The nursing managers should employ highly competent and adequate numbers of skilled formal caregivers, organize formal caregivers having round the clock continuity. Improvements of organizational climate and stress of conscience are of importance for good quality of care.

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  • 3.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Johansson, Inger
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Athlin, Elsy
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Experiences of health and well-being - a question of adjustment and compensation: the views of elderly people dependent on community care2007In: JOurnal of Older People Nursing, 2, 1- 10Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Johansson, Inger
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Athlin, Elsy
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Experiences of health and well-being, a question of adjustment and compensation: views of older people dependent on community care2007In: International Journal of Older People Nursing, ISSN 1748-3735, E-ISSN 1748-3743, Vol. 2, no 4, p. 278-287Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Most studies concerning older people’s health and well-being have focused on their ill health, disease and complaints and have mainly been conducted with a quantitative design. Hence, there is still a need for qualitative studies in which these peoples’ own views on health and well-being are shown, especially when they are dependent on health care in a community setting. A qualitative approach was used in the study reported here and aimed at obtaining a deeper understanding of older peoples’ own views about their health and well-being. Interviews were carried out on two occasions with 19 older people living in their own homes and in sheltered accommodation. The data were analysed using content analysis. The findings suggested that the possibility to feel healthy was dependent both on the older person’s own ability to adjust or compensate to their situation, and on how their caregivers, relatives and friends could compensate for the obstacles the older person faced. The subcategories that captured the informants’ experiences of health and ill health were described as positive and negative poles of autonomy, togetherness, tranquillity and security in daily life. The significance of the caregivers was clearly evident. Their competence, commitment and treatment were prerequisites for the older person’s ability to experience health in spite of being dependent on care.

  • 5.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Johansson, Inger
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Athlin, Elsy
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    The meaning of good and bad care in the community care: older people's lived experiences2009In: International Journal of Older People Nursing, ISSN 1748-3735, E-ISSN 1748-3743, Vol. 4, no 3, p. 156-165Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In spite of a considerable body of research in the past decades on what does or does not constitute good care for older people, there are still few studies addressing this question in which older people narrate their experiences of being dependent on community care. This study was therefore carried out aiming to explore older people's lived experiences of what good and bad care meant to them, when it was offered by community care services. Nineteen older persons in three Swedish communities participated in the study, which used a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. Data were collected through unstructured interviews and Colaizzi's framework was utilized in the analysis of the data.The key theme arising from the analysis was that of being encountered as a human being by caregivers who, through the provision of safe and secure care, provide opportunities for living life as usual. When any of these circumstances are lacking, bad care will be the consequence. As the general intention in society is to ensure good quality of care to older people as well as others, the findings in our study should have important implications for providers of community care for older people.

  • 6.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    Leksell, Janeth
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    Marusarz, Marika
    Högskolan Dalarna.
    Roeli, Kjell
    Universitetet i Bodö.
    Sairanen, Raija
    Turun Ammattikoulu.
    Schröder, Margit
    Professionshöjskolen Metropol.
    Vabo, Grete
    Universitetet i Agder.
    Söderhamn, Olle
    Iniversitetet i Agder.
    Good nursing care for older nursing home clients in a Nordic context2009In: Vård i Norden, no 4, p. 35-37Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Nordström, Gun
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Wilde-Larsson, Bodil
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Johansson, Inger
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, Department of Nursing.
    Caregivers in older peoples' care: Perception of quality, working conditions, competence and personal health2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 704-714Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 8.
    From, Ingrid
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences. Dalarna University.
    Wilde-Larsson, Bodil
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences.
    Nordström, Gun
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences. Hedmark University College, Norway.
    Johansson, Inger
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences. Gjövik University College, Norway.
    Formal caregivers' perceptions of quality of care for older people: predicting factors2015In: BMC Research Notes, E-ISSN 1756-0500, Vol. 8, no 623Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Despite the growing number of studies concerning quality of care for older people, there is a lack of studies depicting factors associated with good quality of care from the formal caregivers’ perspective. The aim was to describe formal caregivers’ perceptions of quality of care for older people in the community and explore factors associated with these perceptions. In total, 70 nursing assistants, 163 enrolled nurses and 198 registered nurses from 14 communities in central Sweden participated in the study. They filled out the following questionnaires: a modified version of Quality from the Patient’s Perspective, Creative Climate Questionnaire, Stress of Conscience Questionnaire, items regarding education and competence, Health Index and Sense of coherence questionnaire. The overall response rate was 57 % (n = 431).

    Results

    In the perceived reality of quality of care respondents assessed the highest mean value in the dimension medical-technical competence and physical technical conditions and lower values in the dimensions; identity-oriented approach, socio-cultural atmosphere and in the context specific dimension. The caregivers estimated their competence and health rather high, had lower average values in sense of coherence and organizational climate and low values in stress of conscience.

    Conclusions

    The PR of quality of care were estimated higher among NA/ENs compared to RNs. Occupation, organizational climate and stress of conscience were factors associated with quality of care that explained 42 % of the variance. Competence, general health and sense of coherence were not significantly associated to quality of care. The mentioned factors explaining quality of care might be intertwined and showed that formal caregivers’ working conditions are of great importance for quality of care.

  • 9.
    Nilsson, Madeleine
    et al.
    Åbo Akademi University, Finland.
    From, Ingrid
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences (from 2013). Högskolan Dalarna.
    Lindwall, Lillemor
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences (from 2013).
    The significance of patient participation in nursing care: A concept analysis2018In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 33, no 1, p. 244-251Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to report on a concept analysis of the meaning of patients’ participation. Participation is commonplace in many areas of health care and has become an important issue in healthcare services. Participation is essential when giving nursing care. Challenges exist throughout clinical practice to make the patient a participant in their own care. The study had a caring science perspective. Method: A literature study based on Walker and Avant's method was used with eight steps. Data were collected using several databases covering the years 1995–2017. The analysis covered fifteen articles, dissertations, reports and textbooks. Findings: Patients’ participation may be defined as a concept that relates to and includes the three caring science concepts: learning, caring relationship and reciprocity (defining attributes). Conclusion: Participation is a concept with vague meaning that is prevalent in nursing practice. Patients’ participation is a complex concept. By using the attributes, it could be more visible in nursing care. The next question for research in this area is how these three attributes can best practically be achieved in a clinical context.

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