En värmländsk litteraturhistoria / A Literary History of Värmland aims to tell, not the literary history of the Swedish province Värmland, but a literary history of Värmland. It tells one story out of many possible stories. It does not claim to be comprehensive or exhaustive. Its main focus is on texts about Värmland – and, to a certain extent, texts in Värmland – a line of tradition in which conceptions of the province are created and passed down and in which myths are established and gradually turned into clichés and stereotypes. A central question that is put in this two-volume work is: – How has literature – taken in a wide sense – given birth to some of our conceptions of the region and of its inhabitants?
The searchlight is directed, then, towards meaning-making stories, which can be said to form a canon – texts that together shape and transform the tradition of how to conceive of Värmland. Värmland can be seen as a virgin territory of deep forests and glimmering waters. It can be Wilderness, Garden, Border-Land, the Realm of the Iron, and in modern days Depopulation Region and Trash Land. A Literary History of Värmland is also about the inhabitants of the region and their presumed regional character traits, conceived of as a specific ‘värmlandic’ disposition, nature, or temperament, which is expressed in the self-image of the inhabitants as well as in other people’s conceptions of them. How is the typical ‘Värmlandic’ person conceived of in literature? Like Löpar-Nisse (Nisse the Runner) in Fredrik August Dahlgren’s famous play Wermlänningarne (1846), like Splendid in Göran Tunström’s Juloratoriet / The Christmas Oratorio (1983) or like the lazy and work-shy Pölsa in Ulf Malmros’s Smala Sussie (2003)?
A Literary History of Värmland is first and foremost a history of literary texts, and secondly of the authors of these texts. Authors’ biographies are only of secondary importance; if the authors were born in Värmland or not, or if they ever lived there is not relevant. In this context a ‘Värmlandic’ author is an author who has written about Värmland, regardless of his or her origin or place of residence. This is an important principle, but does of course not preclude authors who have personal ties to the region. You will find that people born or living in Värmland often tend to write about Värmland. In this account, though, they are accompanied by travelers and temporary visitors, like Carl von Linné, the Danish novelist Harald Kidde and the blank verse equilibrist Göran Palm. This principle also results in attention for some authors of less renown while more famous authors are at times left outside of the account. In A Literary History of Värmland room is made for figureheads like Esaias Tegnér and Erik Gustaf Geijer, Gustaf Fröding and Selma Lagerlöf; for Göran Tunström, Bengt Berg and Lars Andersson; but also for less renowned authors like Sigge Stark (Signe Björnberg) and Gustaf Schröder. Crime fiction has its chapter, as well as children’s literature. Sometimes the border between media is crossed. The films and TV-series by Ulf Malmros have very likely contributed to the contemporary image of Värmland and its inhabitants and are therefore discussed.
A Literary History of Värmland consists mostly of textual interpretations but also makes room for shorter accounts of literary infrastructures: printing presses, publishers and libraries, the periodic press as literary arena etc.
In our days the term ‘literature’ often means novels, poems and theater plays. This was not so in the past. Literature could also be formal speeches, preaching, funeral poems and wedding poems, scientific works and so on. A classical text like Erik Gustaf Geijer’s Minnen (Memories, 1834) is neither fiction nor poetry and yet it is literature and cannot be overlooked in this context.
Värmland is often described as the promised land of poetry and stories. Literature is part of the trademark of the region and literature is where the self-image of the region is created. This is a good reason for presenting a literary history of Värmland.