A growing number of cities and municipalities in Sweden begin to work with city models in 3D. For the most part the models are used for visualizations of ongoing planning processes, but also for the analysis of noise, shadow studies and environmental disaster simulations.

Gothenburg continues to develop the use of 3D maps in municipal operations and is demanding a way to create building elements (walls), which generates in 3D buildings, from roof constructions that are mapped from the primary map. A method has been investigated in the present study. The results are then presented as a 3D model of buildings, along with a terrain map that will facilitate the localization of the area. The created 3D buildings are then compared with roof-data from the primary map to see how well they harmonize with each other. Then also the handling and storage of three-dimensional data with the information model CityGML is investigated. A specification of the requirements and characteristics that the customer, the City Planning in Gothenburg, looks are essential for building modeling in 3D has also been established.

The final result shows of 4% increase in the plane of 3D buildings compared to primary map. The increase would be slightly greater if the comparison is made on the volume instead. The results also revealed that the increase in plan is something that has occurred during the creation of the roof constructions, which was something that I couldn’t have affected during the work. The results also show that the CityGML is an appropriate information model for storage and handling of 3D. Gothenburg still have insufficient knowledge of CityGML, which is also one of the reasons why the information model hasn’t been implemented in the municipality work with 3D models.

This report contains the proceedings of the International Seminar "Exploring Sustainability. On the Future of Small Society in a Dynamic Economy" held at the University of Karlstad, May 12-14, 1997. The seminar was a combination of the 1997 meetings of the PIMA network and the research network between Tottori University in Japan and the University of Karlstad. The proceedings contain 34 contributions by authors from eight countries, revealing an interesting and diverse picture of methodologies, approaches and study areas. In a world of increasing disparities, they stress the importance of the region as a gatherer of factors of strength and illustrate the challenging task of how to achieve sustainability in the development of small society. There is a special section on experiences of the new regionalism.

Syftet i studien är att undersöka och analysera tre aspekter av hållbar turismutveckling:

¥ livsstilen vid turism- och fritidsaktiviteter

¥ turism- och fritidsresandet

¥ turismens påverkan i besöksområdet.



Grundfrågan i studien är hur dessa aspekter sammanhänger med hållbar utveckling. När

livsstilen vid turism- och fritidsaktiviteter och rörlighet behandlas konstateras att vi lever i ett högrörlighetssamhälle där frågan ställs om det ur ett miljöperspektiv är möjligt att fortsätta

med den högrörliga livsstilen under fritiden. Vad gäller turismen och dess konsekvenser i

besöksområdet handlar hållbar turismutveckling om att ha ett långsiktigt perspektiv på

resursanvändning, att eftersträva en utveckling som är ekologiskt sund och kulturellt vital samt att eftersträva jämlikhet och välfärd i det lokala samhället.