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Business model innovation in the water sector in developing countries
Karlstad University, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences (starting 2013), Service Research Center (from 2013). Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Res & Sci, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. Karlstad Univ, Serv Res Ctr, Karlstad, Sweden..ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2933-244X
2014 (English)In: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT, ISSN 0048-9697, Vol. 488, p. 516-524Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Resource type
Text
Abstract [en]

Various technologies have been deployed in household devices or micro-water treatment plants for mitigating fluoride and arsenic, and thereby provide safe and affordable drinking water in low-income countries. While the technologies have improved considerably, organizations still face challenges in making them financially sustainable. Financial sustainability questions the business models behind these water technologies. This article makes three contributions to business models in the context of fluoride and arsenic mitigation. Firstly, we describe four business models: A) low-value devices given away to people living in extreme poverty, B) high-value devices sold to low-income customers, C) communities as beneficiaries of micro-water treatment plants and D) entrepreneurs as franchisees for selling water services and highlight the emergence of hybrid business models. Secondly, we show current business model innovations such as cost transparency & cost reductions, secured & extended water payments, business diversification and distribution channels. Thirdly, we describe skills and competencies as part of capacity building for creating even more business model innovations. Together, these three contributions will create more awareness of the role of business models in scaling-up water treatment technologies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2014. Vol. 488, p. 516-524
Keywords [en]
Business model, Innovation, Water services, Low-income countries
National Category
Economics and Business
Research subject
Business Administration
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41515DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.046ISI: 000338600800057PubMedID: 24612490OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-41515DiVA, id: diva2:923147
Available from: 2016-04-25 Created: 2016-04-11 Last updated: 2019-07-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Extending Access: Perspectives on Business Model Innovation in Water and Sanitation Service Provision
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Extending Access: Perspectives on Business Model Innovation in Water and Sanitation Service Provision
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Many organizations are attempting to improve the well-being of people living in poverty, whether it be philanthropic, through offering transformative services, or buying into the doing well by doing good ethos of corporate Base of the Pyramid (BoP) strategies. Some of these efforts are being directed towards extending access to safely managed water and sanitation services to everyone. There are many factors that contribute to the complexity of reaching universal water and sanitation coverage including limited finance, cultural practices, and localized effects of climate change. Once a community has access, sustaining it can be hindered by poor design, maintenance, or governance.

The aim of this dissertation is to examine the roles of business models and business model innovation in providing and later scaling water and sanitation services in low-income countries. In doing so, it brings together poverty alleviation and business model theories to address barriers specific to the water and sanitation sectors. This dissertation is a compilation of seven different papers that follow a case study approach. The cases used in these studies are of non-governmental organizations, social businesses, small and medium-sized enterprises, and multinational enterprises that work in the water and sanitation sector in low-income countries.

The findings of this dissertation span theoretical levels: business models, business model innovation, and capability development and sectors: water and sanitation. Each paper contributes to the intersection of at least two of these factors, e.g., by classifying business models and business model innovations in water service providers or examining the multiple business models used by a single sanitation service provider.

Overall, this dissertation has analysed key theories in market-based approaches to poverty alleviation with regard to business model thinking and provides insights into offering services and expanding social impact in BoP markets.

Abstract [sv]

Många organisationer försöker förbättra välbefinnandet hos människor som lever i fattigdom, oavsett om det är det filantropisk, genom att erbjuda transforamtiva tjänster, eller köpa in det bra genom att göra bra etos av strategierna för basen av pyramiden (BoP). Några av dessa ansträngningar riktas mot att utvidga tillgången till säkert hanterade vatten- och sanitetstjänster till alla. Det finns många faktorer som bidra till komplexiteten att nå universell vatten- och sanitetsskydd, inklusive begränsad finansiering, kulturella metoder och lokala effekter av klimatförändringar. När en gemenskap har tillgång, behåller kan den hindras av dålig design, underhåll eller styrning.

Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka rollerna i affärsmodeller, affärsmodellens innovation och organisatoriska förmågor vid vatten- och saneringstjänster i låginkomstländer. Att göra så det samlar fattigdomsbekämpning och affärsmodellteori för att ta itu med sektorspecifika hinder.

Denna avhandling är en sammanställning av sju olika uppsatser som följer en fallstudie. Fallen som används i dessa studier är av icke-statliga organisationer, sociala företag, små och medelstora företag och multinationella företag som arbetar inom vatten- och sanitetssektorn i låginkomstländer.

Med en statisk bild av affärsmodeller anses affärsmodeller inom denna sektor antingen vara isolerade eller integrerade, dvs antingen adressera en begränsad uppsättning aktiviteter som krävs för att leverera säkert vatten och / eller sanitetstjänst eller täcker hela serviceleveranskedjan. Ta en transformations vy av dessa organisationer, affärsmodell innovationer som adress prospektering och anpassning möjliggör organisationer att expandera deras inverkan. Sådana aktiviteter kräver att organisationer ska kunna få kapacitet att vinna och integrera lokal kunskap, odla samarbete och främja flexibilitet. Sammantaget har denna avhandling analyserat viktiga teorier i marknadsbaserade metoder för fattigdomsbekämpning när det gäller affärsmodeller och ger insikter på att erbjuda tjänster och expandera sociala inverkan på BoP-marknaderna.

Abstract [en]

Many organizations are attempting to improve the well-being of people living in poverty, whether it be philanthropic, through offering transformative services, or buying into the doing well by doing good ethos of corporate Base of the Pyramid (BoP) strategies. This dissertation examines the roles of business models and business model innovation in providing and scaling water and sanitation services in low-income countries. In doing so, it brings together poverty alleviation and business model theories to address barriers specific to the water and sanitation sectors, through case studies of non-governmental organizations, social businesses, small and medium-sized enterprises, and multinational enterprises that work in the water and sanitation sector in low-income countries.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstads universitet, 2019. p. 118
Series
Karlstad University Studies, ISSN 1403-8099 ; 2019:21
Keywords
Business Innovation, Water business, WASH, Sanitation, Digitalization, Base of the pyramid
National Category
Economics and Business
Research subject
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-73581 (URN)978-91-7867-040-6 (ISBN)978-91-7867-045-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2019-10-04, 11D 257, Karlstad, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-09-06 Created: 2019-07-12 Last updated: 2019-09-06Bibliographically approved

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