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Fitness effect of breeding dispersal among rock pipit males Anthus petrosus littoralis
Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences.
2009 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Effekter på fitness av revirbyte hos skärpiplärkhanar Anthus petrosus littoralis (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

Breeding dispersal can be a way for an individual to improve its fitness. Own reproductive success has been shown to be a cue to dispersal among many bird species. Natural selection should favor dispersal to higher-quality territories and a larger territory is predicted to improve fitness. Data from male rock pipits, Anthus petrosus littoralis, on the Swedish west coast indicated, as predicted, that dispersal follows an unsuccessful breeding year. However, no fitness improvement was detected after dispersal, leading to the conclusion that dispersing in itself does not lead to better fitness. Instead it was the acquisition of a larger territory that was the main cause of fitness improvement, unrelated to whether a male returned to an old territory or dispersed to a new one. However, remaining in one's old territory showed to be more beneficial than dispersing. There was a high variation within the rock pipit populations of Nidingen and Malön, due to year-to-year territory quality variation and individual quality among the birds, which could have had a big effect on the outcome of the analyses of the effects of dispersal.

Abstract [sv]

Att byta revir kan vara ett sätt för en individ att förbättra sin fitness. Den egna reproduktiva framgången har påvisats påverka beslutet om revirbyte. Naturligt urval borde favorisera byte till ett revir av högre kvalitet och ett större revir förutsägs förbättra fitness. Data från skärpiplärkor, Anthus petrosus littoralis, tyder på att ett misslyckat häckningsår leder till spridning. Däremot påvisades ingen förbättring av fitness efter spridning, vilket leder till slutsatsen att spridningen i sig inte leder till bättre fitness. Istället var det anskaffandet av ett större revir som var den huvudsakliga orsaken till fitnessförbättring, orelaterat till om en hanne utökade sitt gamla revir eller flyttade till ett nytt. Däremot visade det sig vara bättre att stanna kvar i sitt gamla revir än att flytta. Det fanns en stor variation bland Nidingens och Malöns populationer av piplärka, på grund av årlig variation i revirkvalitet och individuell kvalitet bland fåglarna, vilket kan ha haft en stor effekt på resultatet av analyserna av spridningseffekterna.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2009. , p. 12
Keywords
rock pipits, breeding dispersal
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3228OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-3228DiVA, id: diva2:133712
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(English)
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Available from: 2009-01-27 Created: 2009-01-07 Last updated: 2009-01-27Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
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Output format
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