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Crack analysis of barrier coatings based on starch and starch-PVOH with and without plasticizer
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1256-1708
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1256-401X
2018 (English)In: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, ISSN 0283-2631, E-ISSN 2000-0669, Vol. 33, no 2, p. 336-347Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Barrier coatings based on starch and starch-PVOH plasticized with glycerol and without plasticizer were applied to two different paperboard substrates, a triple coated board and duplex board, in order to investigate the tendency for cracks to develop in the barrier coating layers during creasing and folding. Tensile properties of films based on the starch and starch-PVOH blend were determined to investigate the relationship between the flexibility of the films and the cracking in the barrier coating layers. Furthermore, the oxygen transmission rate through the barrier-coated paperboard was measured before and after creasing and folding. The oxygen transmission rate through the barrier-coated samples was over the measurable range i. e. OTR>10000cm3/m2day after creasing and folding, which indicated failure in the barrier coating layers. Optical microscopy revealed small cracks in the barrier coating layers, probably related to an increase in flexibility of the barrier coating layers. It was observed in scanning electron micrographs that cracks in the barrier coating layers seemed to follow the fibers when the barrier coating was applied on the rear side of the duplex board. Scanning electron micrographs and surface profiler images revealed that cracks in the barrier coating layers might have originated from the mineral coating layer when the starch and starch/PVOH coating layers were applied on the mineral-coated side of the triple coated board. An increase in the thickness of the barrier coating layer did not seem to increase the resistance to failure.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Walter de Gruyter, 2018. Vol. 33, no 2, p. 336-347
Keywords [en]
Starch, Glycerol, Barrier coatings, Mechanical properties, Creasing, Folding
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66849DOI: 10.1515/npprj-2018-3039ISI: 000450922400018OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-66849DiVA, id: diva2:1193233
Available from: 2018-03-26 Created: 2018-03-26 Last updated: 2024-02-07Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Effects of plasticizing and crosslinking on coatings based on blends of starch-PVOH and starch-lignin
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effects of plasticizing and crosslinking on coatings based on blends of starch-PVOH and starch-lignin
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

A barrier material is usually needed on a fiber-based food package to protect the packed food from gases and moisture and thus maintain its quality. Barrier materials presently used in food packaging applications are mostly petroleum-based polymers. Over the last few decades, efforts have been made to replace petroleum-based materials with bio-based materials. The present work has focused on the possibility of using a natural barrier material on a fiber-based food package and the  effects of plasticizing and cross-linking on the mechanical and barrier properties, and the stability in water of coatings based on starch-poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) and starch-lignin blends.

The flexibility of the starch films was increased by adding PVOH further by adding a plasticizer. It was shown that citric acid can act as a compatibilizer and cross-linker for starch and PVOH, and the use of citric acid may slow down the diffusion of both oxygen and water vapor if a multilayer coating strategy is used. The addition of polyethylene glycol to the pre-coating recipe resulted in a lower oxygen transmission rate through polyethylene-extruded board than when citric acid was added to the pre-coating. The flexibility of the barrier coatings and the properties of the base substrate affect the cracking tendency of the barrier coatings during the creasing and folding of a barrier-coated board.

The addition of lignin to the starch reduced the migration of starch from the starch-lignin films and the addition of ammonium zirconium carbonate as a cross-linker reduced the migration of both starch and lignin from the films. The addition of starch to the lignin solution increased the solubility of lignin at low pH, and the pilot-coated board showed a significant decrease in migration of lignin from the coatings containing ammonium zirconium carbonate when the pH of the coating solution was decreased.

Abstract [en]

A barrier material is usually needed on a fiber-based food package to maintain quality by protecting packed food from gases and moisture. Over the last few decades, efforts have been made to replace petroleum-based materials with bio-based materials. The present work has focused on the possibility of using a natural barrier material on fiber-based food packaging materials, and the effects of plasticizing and cross-linking on the mechanical and barrier properties and on the stability in water of coatings based on starch-PVOH and starch-lignin blends have been evaluated.

Citric acid can act as a compatibilizer and cross-linker for starch and PVOH, and the use of citric acid may retard the diffusion of both oxygen and water vapor if a multilayer coating strategy is used. A polyethylene extrusion coating on a board pre-coated with a recipe containing polyethylene glycol resulted in a greater reduction in the rate of oxygen transmission than through a board pre-coated with a recipe containing citric acid. The addition of lignin to the starch solution decreased the migration of starch from the starch-lignin films, and the addition of ammonium zirconium carbonate as a cross-linker decreased the migration of both starch and lignin from the films. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstads universitet, 2018. p. 69
Series
Karlstad University Studies, ISSN 1403-8099 ; 2018:14
Keywords
Citric acid, Glycerol, Polyethylene glycol, Barrier coatings, Starch, Lignin, Mechanical properties, Poly(vinyl alcohol), Creasing, Adhesion, Cross-linking, Extrusion coating
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66853 (URN)978-91-7063-844-2 (ISBN)978-91-7063-939-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-05-16, 1B306, Fryxellsalen, Karlstad, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Artikel 4 och 5 ingick som manuskript i avhandlingen

Available from: 2018-04-25 Created: 2018-03-26 Last updated: 2021-06-14Bibliographically approved

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Javed, AsifRättö, PeterJärnström, LarsUllsten, Henrik

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