The place of music in the general education of individuals is addressed from a renovated paradigm.Through a rereading of certain ideas of Rousseau, Freud, Hegel, Malinowski and Leibniz, a thesis is grounded on what is permanent in human nature and what the aims should be foreducating that nature. Later, recent advances in neuroscience are discussed in relation tothe biological and functional nature of any individual facing music. Finally, a convergence of both paradigms is discussed within the Spanish education system, concludingthat the necessary presence of music as a key pillar in education is supportedby two mainstays: for the intrinsic value of music towards the developmentof human potentiality (music “for the sake of music”); and for theextrinsic values of music given its cross-disciplinary effectson different human potentialities.