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Patient safety culture in hospital settings: Measurements, health care staff perceptions and suggestions for improvement
Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Health Sciences (from 2013).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8709-342X
2015 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)Alternative title
Patientsäkerhetskultur i sjukhusmiljö : Sjukvårdspersonals uppfattningar och förslag på förbättring (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

The aim was to psychometrically test the S-HSOPSC and HSOPSC, investigate health care staff’s perceptions of patient safety culture and their suggestions for improvement.

Methods: A three-time cross-sectional study with data from health care staff (N= 3721) in a Swedish county council was conducted in 2009 (N = 1,023), 2011 (N = 1,228) and 2013 (N =1,470) using the S-HSOPSC (I, II, III). Health care staff’s suggestions for improvement were analyzed in a qualitative content analysis study (IV).

Results: The S-HSOPSC (14 dimensions, 51 items) is acceptable for measuring patient safety culture (I). Health care staff held a positive attitude towards their own unit’s teamwork, and a less favorable attitude towards hospital managers’ support for patient safety work (I). Managers held a more positive attitude towards patient safety than others and enrolled nurses held a more positive attitude than registered nurses and physicians (II, III). Positive attitudes towards learning, nonpunitive response and staffing was associated with positive attitudes towards overall safety (II). Health care staff’s attitudes towards patient safety decreased between 2009- 2013 for 12 dimensions (III). A diversity of approaches, nuanced in relation to the informant’s profession was suggested to improve patient safety, for example ‘Increased staffing’ ‘Teamwork and collaboration’ and ‘Committed management' (IV).

Conclusions: The S-HSOPSC is suitable for measuring patient safety culture. Supporting and committed managers, teamwork and collaboration are important for patient safety improvement. RNs have an important coordinating position in patient safety work, since they work in close proximity to the patients, and strategically in teams, where decisions of importance for patient safety are made. Health care staff attitudes towards communication, nonpunitive approach, feedback and learning from mistakes have deteriorated. To prevent from organizational fatigue, actions are needed.

Abstract [en]

Baksidestext:

In health care, many patients are being harmed, with leads to suffering and financial costs. Health care staff’s patient safety culture reflects their attitudes towards safety for patients. The overall aim was to psychometrically test the questionnaires S-HSOPSC and HSOPSC for measuring patient safety culture, investigate health care staff’s perceptions of patient safety culture and their suggestions for improvement. In this thesis, respondents in the most common health care staff groups participated. Health care staff held a positive attitude towards patient safety culture within their own unit’s work. The perception of patient safety culture differed between professions and managers had a more positive attitude towards patient safety culture than others. Health care staff’s attitudes towards patient safety decreased during the measurement period for almost all aspects and they suggested many approaches to improve patient safety. Patient safety needs to be a responsibility for everyone. Supporting, committed managers, teamwork and collaboration are important for patient safety improvement. RNs have an important coordinating position in patient safety work.

Abstract [sv]

Syftet var att psykometriskt testa frågeformulären S-HSOPSC och HSOPSC och undersöka sjukvårdspersonals attityder till patientsäkerhet samt förslag till förbättringar.

Metod: Tre tvärsnittsundersökningar genomfördes. Sjukhuspersonal (N = 3 721) i ett landsting besvarade enkäten Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture om patientsäkerhetskultur år 2009 (n = 1 023), 2011 (n = 1 228) och 2013 (n = 1 470) (I, II, III). Sjukvårdspersonalens förslag på förbättring av patientsäkerhet studerades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys (IV).

Resultatet visade att den svenska versionen S-HSOPSC (14 dimensioner, 51 frågor) är acceptabel för att mäta patientsäkerhetskultur (I). Sjukvårdspersonalen hade en positiv attityd till aspekter av patientsäkerhet som handlade om arbete på den egna vårdenheten, men en mindre positiv attityd till högsta ledningens stöd för patientsäkerhetsarbetet (I). Chefer hade en mer positiv attityd till patientsäkerhet än andra och undersköterskor hade en mer positiv attityd än sjuksköterskor och läkare (II, III). Förmågan att dra lärdom av misstag, en icke-skuldbeläggande attityd vid misstag samt bemanning var positivt associerad till en positiv attityd till generell patientsäkerhet (II). Sjukvårdspersonalens attityder till patientsäkerheten försämrades under mätperioden för 12 av 14 dimensioner. (III). Sjukvårdspersonalen föreslog en mängd förbättringar av patientsäkerheten. Förslagen var nyanserade i relation till informanternas egen profession (IV).

Konklusioner: Engagerade chefer är viktigt för patientsäkerheten. Teamwork och förståelse för varandras arbete är gynnsamt för patientsäkerheten. Sjuksköterskor är viktiga i patientsäkerhetsarbetet, då de både arbetar nära patienterna och i team där beslut fattas som rör patientsäkerheten. Personalens attityd till kommunikation, icke- bestraffande synsätt, återkoppling och lärande i samband med misstag har försämrats. Detta kan indikera en organisatorisk utmattning och kräver åtgärder.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2015. , p. 95
Series
Karlstad University Studies, ISSN 1403-8099 ; 2015:20
Keywords [en]
patient safety culture, S-HSOPSC, HSOPSC, psychometric testing, managers, health care staff, nursing
Keywords [sv]
S-HSOPSC, patientsäkerhetskultur, psykometri, organisation, sjukvård
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-35424ISBN: 978-91-7063-634-9 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-35424DiVA, id: diva2:797084
Public defence
2015-05-08, Fröding 1B 364, Karlstad, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2015-04-09 Created: 2015-03-23 Last updated: 2022-11-10Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Swedish Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture: Psychometric properties and health care staff’s perception
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Swedish Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture: Psychometric properties and health care staff’s perception
2013 (English)In: Open Journal of Nursing, ISSN 2162-5336, E-ISSN 2162-5344, Vol. 3, p. 41-50Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Swedish and the original version of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture within a Swedish hospital setting and described health care staff’s per- ceptions of patient safety culture. A web-survey was used to obtain data from registered nurses, enrolled nurses and physicians (N = 1023). Psychometric properties were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Root mean square error of ap- proximation and other fit indices indicated psycho- metric properties for both versions to be acceptable. Internal consistency for the dimensions varied be- tween 0.60 and 0.87. Staff scored the dimension “Teamwork Within Units” highest and the dimension “Hospital Management Support” the lowest. The safety was graded as very good or excellent by 58.9% of the respondents and one third had reported more than one event in the past 12 months. The question- naire is considered to be useful for measuring patient safety culture in Swedish hospital settings. Managers have a great responsibility to work with improving patient safety culture.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Scientific Research Publishing, 2013
Keywords
HSOPSC, Patient Safety Culture, Psychometrics, Questionnaire
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34026 (URN)10.4236/ojn.2013.38A006 (DOI)
Available from: 2014-10-05 Created: 2014-10-05 Last updated: 2020-04-07Bibliographically approved
2. Health care staffs’ perception of patient safety culture in hospital settings and factors of importance for this
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Health care staffs’ perception of patient safety culture in hospital settings and factors of importance for this
2013 (English)In: Open Journal of Nursing, ISSN 2162-5336, E-ISSN 2162-5344, Vol. 3, p. 28-40Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Many hospital patients are affected by adverse events. Managers are important when improving safety. The perception of patient safety culture varies among health care staff. Health care staff (n = 1023) working in medical, surgical or mixed medical-surgical health care divisions answered the 51 items (14 dimensions) Swedish Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (S-HSOPSC). Respondents with a managerial func- tion scored higher than non-managers for 11 of 14 dimensions, indicating patient safety culture strengths for a majority of dimensions. Enrolled nurses and staff with experience > 10 years also scored high for several dimensions. The 12 dimensions and sample characteristics explained 49% and 26% of the vari- ance for the outcome dimensions Overall Perceptions of Safety and Frequency of Incident Reporting, re- spectively. RNs, ENs and physicians have different views on patient safety culture. Hospital Management Support and Organisational Learning is some im- portant factors influencing patient safety culture. Bridging the gap in health care staff’s perceptions of safety in order to improve patient safety is of utmost importance. Managers have the responsibility to fos- ter patient safety culture at their workplace and can thus benefit from results when improving safety for patients.

Keywords
Patient Safety Culture, Hospital, Management, Organizations, Perceptions
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34027 (URN)10.4236/ojn.2013.38A005 (DOI)
Available from: 2014-10-05 Created: 2014-10-05 Last updated: 2020-04-07Bibliographically approved
3. Patient safety culture over time– health care staffs’ perceptions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Patient safety culture over time– health care staffs’ perceptions
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Keywords
patient safety culture, hospital, three-time cross-sectional, survey
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34923 (URN)
Available from: 2015-01-16 Created: 2015-01-16 Last updated: 2017-12-06Bibliographically approved
4. Improvements of patient safety - suggestions from health care staff
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Improvements of patient safety - suggestions from health care staff
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Nursing Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34921 (URN)
Available from: 2015-01-16 Created: 2015-01-16 Last updated: 2017-12-06Bibliographically approved

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