Assessment is very important in teaching and learning and should be integral part of instructions in classrooms. It is believed that assessment; learning and teaching have close relationships with each other, which improve teachers teaching and students learning. As such teachers should pay attention to assessment, without assessment it is impossible for teacher to find weak and strong points of learning of the students as well as of their own teaching.  Teachers should use different kinds of assessment like: diagnostic assessment, formative assessment and summative assessment in their teaching.

This study was conducted in two provinces in Southern part of Afghanistan: Zabul and Kandahar. For this study two data collections tools were used, one was teachers’ questionnaire for 80 teachers in lower secondary schools in science subjects. The questionnaire is consist of 32 questions, in questionnaire  it was asked from the teachers about assessments, next was classroom observation form which is consist of 22 questions, both of them were answered but some answers were misunderstood by the teachers that they provide wrong answers. Out of 80 teachers I observed 12 teachers’ teaching. The data which was collected by classroom observation was poor and most teachers’ activities related to one option of the classroom observation.