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Brunzell, L. & Renström, R. (2019). Recommendations for revising the energy label system for dishwashers: Supporting sustainable development and usage through the interaction of energy labels, technical improvements and consumer behaviour. Energy Efficiency, 13(1), 145-155
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Recommendations for revising the energy label system for dishwashers: Supporting sustainable development and usage through the interaction of energy labels, technical improvements and consumer behaviour
2019 (engelsk)Inngår i: Energy Efficiency, ISSN 1570-646X, E-ISSN 1570-6478, Vol. 13, nr 1, s. 145-155Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Historically, domestic chores such as washing dishes were all done by hand. Today it is estimated that 44% of the households in the EU are equipped with a dishwasher. In this article, we discuss the connections between technical developments, consumer behaviour and the test standard for energy labels. The aim of this study is to provide recommendations for future work that would strengthen the role of the energy label in order to promote the more sustainable technical development of household appliances. Technical developments are compared with the consequences of different consumer behaviour. It was found that technical developments could reduce annual energy use, but depending on the implemented technology, this is often complex and requires additional components. On the other hand, a consumer can easily increase energy usage by 50% without being aware of doing so, when goods are pre-treated, appliances incorrectly loaded, or inappropriate programs selected. Our recommendation is first of all to encourage the use of dishwashers as they consume less energy and water compared with washing up manually. A holistic approach should be taken to updating the energy labelling system. Actual consumer behaviour must be taken into account and, perhaps most importantly, as dishwashers are becoming ever more energy efficient, consumers must be educated in using the machines in an environmentally friendly way. We conclude that the energy labelling system is outdated; it must be fundamentally revised and must take into account consumer behaviour.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Springer, 2019
Emneord
Energy label, Household appliances, Pre-treatment, Water consumption
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-76609 (URN)10.1007/s12053-019-09835-6 (DOI)000520140800010 ()2-s2.0-85076593009 (Scopus ID)
Tilgjengelig fra: 2020-01-30 Laget: 2020-01-30 Sist oppdatert: 2020-04-24bibliografisk kontrollert
Renström, R. & Brunzell, L. (2018). En introduktion för att studenter ska utveckla egna strategier för skrivandet. In: Madelaine Johansson, Lena E. Johansson (Ed.), Studentaktiva lärande- och examinationsformer: Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2017 (pp. 93-108). Karlstad: Karlstads universitet
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>En introduktion för att studenter ska utveckla egna strategier för skrivandet
2018 (svensk)Inngår i: Studentaktiva lärande- och examinationsformer: Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2017 / [ed] Madelaine Johansson, Lena E. Johansson, Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2018, s. 93-108Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [sv]

I högre utbildning är akademiskt skrivande något som studenter behöver stöd att utveckla genom hela sin utbildning. Handledningen är en central del i denna process men det finns en risk att handledaren i stället för att lyfta halvfärdiga texter i själva verket drar ner studenter eller lämnar otydliga synpunkter. Det finns även en risk att handledaren över skrivarbetet och gör det till sitt.

Vi arbetar med en handledningsmodell som vi kallar ”Direkthandledning”. Modellen ger stor frihet för förändringar och stora delar avutbildningsmiljön arbetar med liknande modeller. Drivkraften är att göra handledningen effektivare, att öka studenternas respons för lärarnas synpunkter samt ge studenterna egna strategier för sitt skrivande. Direkthandledningsmodellen används i hela utbildningen och i denna artikel presenteras introduktionen. I handledningsmodellen separeras innehåll och form. I introduktionen handleds enbart formen, hur rapporten är formaliserad, strukturerad och skriven.I direkthandledningsmodellen får studenten alltid en tydlig process och kravspecifikation på vad som förväntas. I introduktionen genomförs en individuell studie och först när studenten skrivit en inledning, metod och resultat som är i läs- och kommentarbart skick, får studenten handledning. Texten skall då följa en utskickad och kommunicerad mall och struktur. Återkopplingen utgår från kravspecifikationen. När studenten kommer till handledningen har handledare och student en diskussion kring hur arbetet är presenterat, inget annat. Under handledningen får studenten tydlig information om hur denne ligger till i förhållande till kravspecifikationen.

Modellen har lett till betydande förbättringar av responsen på synpunkter. Studenter uppger att de börjat utveckla egna strategier för sitt skrivande.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2018
Serie
Utveckling av undervisning och examination i högre utbildning: utgiven av Universitetspedagogiska enheten vid Karlstads universitet ; 2018:1
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72045 (URN)978-91-7063-869-5 (ISBN)978-91-7063-964-7 (ISBN)
Tilgjengelig fra: 2019-05-15 Laget: 2019-05-15 Sist oppdatert: 2022-11-25bibliografisk kontrollert
Renström, R., Johansson-Cider, H. & Brunzell, L. (2018). Energy performance of an industrial superheated steam heat pump flash dryer for drying of bio-fuel. In: Carcel, JA Clemente, G GarciaPerez, JV Mulet, A Rossello, C (Ed.), IDS'2018: 21ST INTERNATIONAL DRYING SYMPOSIUM. Paper presented at 21st International Drying Symposium (IDS); Valencia, SPAIN; Date: SEP 11-14, 2018 (pp. 1495-1502). University Politecnica Valencia
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Energy performance of an industrial superheated steam heat pump flash dryer for drying of bio-fuel
2018 (engelsk)Inngår i: IDS'2018: 21ST INTERNATIONAL DRYING SYMPOSIUM / [ed] Carcel, JA Clemente, G GarciaPerez, JV Mulet, A Rossello, C, University Politecnica Valencia , 2018, s. 1495-1502Konferansepaper, Publicerat paper (Fagfellevurdert)
Abstract [en]

Drying is an energy demanding industrial process and methods for reducing the energy consumption of drying is of interest to industry as well as society. This article presents the drying system of a biofuel factory. Steam is used as the refrigerant. Superheated steam is used as drying gas in a flash dryer with 28.8 tons/h dewatering capacity. The system includes an energy recovering water heat pump that receives its heat from the excess drying steam and heats the dryer. The SMER of the drying process ranges between 3 and 4 and the COP of the heat pump process ranges between 4 and 5.5 during one production season of peat drying. Variations in performance can be explained by variations in inlet moisture content and production rate. The example of this drying system shows the feasibility of drying in superheated steam, heat pump drying and water as refrigerant in high-temperature heat pumps.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
University Politecnica Valencia, 2018
Emneord
steam drying, heat pump process, peat, sawdust, industrial operation
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Energiteknik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74340 (URN)10.4995/ids2018.2018.7379 (DOI)000477977800187 ()978-84-9048-688-7 (ISBN)
Konferanse
21st International Drying Symposium (IDS); Valencia, SPAIN; Date: SEP 11-14, 2018
Tilgjengelig fra: 2019-08-15 Laget: 2019-08-15 Sist oppdatert: 2022-06-28bibliografisk kontrollert
Brunzell, L. & Renström, R. (2018). Utformning av aktiva pedagogiska möten i en kurs med flippat lärande. In: Madelaine Johansson, Lena E. Johansson (Ed.), Studentaktiva lärande- och examinationsformer: Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2017 (pp. 21-34). Karlstad: Karlstads universitet
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Utformning av aktiva pedagogiska möten i en kurs med flippat lärande
2018 (svensk)Inngår i: Studentaktiva lärande- och examinationsformer: Bidrag från universitetspedagogisk konferens 2017 / [ed] Madelaine Johansson, Lena E. Johansson, Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2018, s. 21-34Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
Abstract [sv]

Att använda flippat lärande i undervisningen har blivit mer och mer vanligt i högre utbildning. Studier pekar på att den formen av undervisning leder till ökad förståelse, ett ökat engagemang och motivation hos studenterna. Dock finns ett uttalat behov av ytterligare forskning inom området. I denna studie ligger fokus på hur de pedagogiska mötena i en typisk teknisk grundkurs kan utformas för att vara aktiva och främja lärandet i de högre kunskapsnivåerna. Den nya utformningen bygger på att traditionella möten med studenter såsom föreläsningar och lektioner har bytts ut mot diskussionstillfällen och laborationer. Räkneövningar finns i båda upplägg men fokus i det nya ligger i att arbeta med koncept och hur problem ställs upp. Den operativa räkningen lämnas alltid till studenterna. Resultaten blir att lärarna idag kan möta studenterna och agera som en coach i deras lärande, studenterna är mer aktiva och vi arbetar med kunskapsmål där vi analyserar, kritiskt utvärderar, utformar system och gör avvägda antaganden. Genomströmningen har ökat från mellan 40-50% till mellan 60-70% trots ett ökat krav på förståelsen i examinationen.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2018
Serie
Utveckling av undervisning och examination i högre utbildning: utgiven av Universitetspedagogiska enheten vid Karlstads universitet ; 2018:1
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Ämnesdidaktik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72044 (URN)978-91-7063-869-5 (ISBN)978-91-7063-964-7 (ISBN)
Tilgjengelig fra: 2019-05-15 Laget: 2019-05-15 Sist oppdatert: 2022-11-25bibliografisk kontrollert
Bengtsson, P., Berghel, J. & Renström, R. (2015). A household dishwasher heated by a heat pump system using an energy storage unit with water as the heat source. International journal of refrigeration, 49, 19-27
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>A household dishwasher heated by a heat pump system using an energy storage unit with water as the heat source
2015 (engelsk)Inngår i: International journal of refrigeration, ISSN 0140-7007, E-ISSN 1879-2081, Vol. 49, s. 19-27Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Electricity usage by a household dishwasher can be reduced by using a heat pump system to heat the dishwasher cabinet, dishware and washing water. The evaporator obtains the energy from an energy storage unit which consists of a container filled with water which freezes to ice. The majority of the heat transfer from the energy storage to the evaporator occurs when ice is created in the energy storage unit. A transient simulation model of a dishwasher with a heat pump system was developed and compared to an experimental setup with good agreement. A simulation study of the compressor cylinder volume and the compressor operating time was performed. The results showed a 24% reduction in total electricity use compared to a dishwasher cycle using a traditional electric element.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Elsevier, 2015
Emneord
Appliances, Energy use, Heat transfer, Freezing, Transient simulation, Appareils domestiques, Utilisation d'énergie, Transfert de chaleur, Congélation, Simulation transitoire
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-39072 (URN)10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.10.012 (DOI)000348012500004 ()
Forskningsfinansiär
Knowledge Foundation
Tilgjengelig fra: 2016-01-19 Laget: 2016-01-19 Sist oppdatert: 2019-07-12bibliografisk kontrollert
Berghel, J. & Renström, R. (2014). An Experimental Study on the Influence of Using a Draft Tube in a Continuous Spouted Bed Dryer. Drying Technology, 32(5), 519-527
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>An Experimental Study on the Influence of Using a Draft Tube in a Continuous Spouted Bed Dryer
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: Drying Technology, ISSN 0737-3937, E-ISSN 1532-2300, Vol. 32, nr 5, s. 519-527Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Further increasing the production of processed biofuel also increases the demands on drying capacity. With the aim of increasing the heat capacity flow, experimental tests have been performed on the process of drying sawdust in a continuous spouted bed dryer with nine different draft tube designs. The results showed that a draft tube with an increased length and an increased disengagement height decreased the dry substances' flow rate throughout the dryer. The results also showed that the mass of the material in the dryer was approximately the same in all the tests. This means that the draft tubes, no matter their size, do not influence the amount of material in the dryer.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Taylor & Francis, 2014
Emneord
Sawdust, Superheated steam, Spouted bed dryer
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41535 (URN)10.1080/07373937.2013.840648 (DOI)000333995000004 ()
Tilgjengelig fra: 2016-04-25 Laget: 2016-04-11 Sist oppdatert: 2025-02-07bibliografisk kontrollert
Renström, R. & Berghel, J. (2014). Experimental results from drying sawdust below the fiber saturation point using a vertical pneumatic dryer. In: IDS 2014, The 19th International Drying Symposium: . Paper presented at IDS 2014, The 19th International Drying Symposium 24-27 Augusti, Lyon Frankrike. Lyon, France
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Experimental results from drying sawdust below the fiber saturation point using a vertical pneumatic dryer
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: IDS 2014, The 19th International Drying Symposium, Lyon, France, 2014Konferansepaper, Publicerat paper (Fagfellevurdert)
sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Lyon, France: , 2014
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34914 (URN)
Konferanse
IDS 2014, The 19th International Drying Symposium 24-27 Augusti, Lyon Frankrike
Tilgjengelig fra: 2015-01-15 Laget: 2015-01-15 Sist oppdatert: 2016-05-25bibliografisk kontrollert
Bengtsson, P., Berghel, J. & Renström, R. (2014). Performance Study of a Closed-Type Heat Pump Tumble Dryer Using A Simulation Model and an Experimental Set-Up. Drying Technology, 32(8), 891-901
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Performance Study of a Closed-Type Heat Pump Tumble Dryer Using A Simulation Model and an Experimental Set-Up
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: Drying Technology, ISSN 0737-3937, E-ISSN 1532-2300, Vol. 32, nr 8, s. 891-901Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

In the interests of competitiveness, manufactures of tumble dryers are seeking to reduce both their electricity use and the drying time. This study examines how the cylinder volume of the compressor and the total heat transfer of the condenser influence the drying time and electricity use in a heat pump tumble dryer. A transient simulation model was developed and compared to an experimental set-up with good similarity. The simulations show that increasing the cylinder volume of the compressor by 50% decreases the drying time by 14% without using more electricity.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Taylor & Francis Group, 2014
Emneord
Energy analysis; Heat and mass transfer; Heat pump drying; Mathematical modeling
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33839 (URN)10.1080/07373937.2013.875035 (DOI)000337247400004 ()
Tilgjengelig fra: 2014-09-26 Laget: 2014-09-26 Sist oppdatert: 2019-07-12bibliografisk kontrollert
Berghel, J. & Renström, R. (2014). Superheated steam drying of sawdust in continuous feed spouted beds: a design perspective. Biomass and Bioenergy, 71(0), 228-234
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Superheated steam drying of sawdust in continuous feed spouted beds: a design perspective
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: Biomass and Bioenergy, ISSN 0961-9534, E-ISSN 1873-2909, Vol. 71, nr 0, s. 228-234Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Spouted bed drying technology shows promising results for the drying of unscreened sawdust in superheated steam. In this paper, the experiences from designing, running and evaluating two spouted bed continuous feed dryers are presented. Stable running conditions and drying results have been achieved. This has been particularly important for sawdust that will be compressed into pellets or briquettes. The spouted bed superheated steam dryer also shows high potential for energy efficient integration into sawmills. Our recommendation is thus, to use the outlet steam temperature as the control parameter for the outlet moisture content. A drying rate above and one below the fibre saturation level, can be identified. Visual observations through the viewing glass in the drying zone in both the dryers clearly showed that not all of the material participated in the spout at all times; there were, however, no indications of dead zones. A heat transfer analysis indicated that only about 70% of the surface area of the material was in thermal contact with the steam. This paper sums up the experiences regarding drying properties, control and system properties obtained when sawdust is dried using superheated steam as the drying medium. Further work on standardised dryers in series or in parallel is necessary to increase the capacity in the spouted bed dryer.

Emneord
Sawdust, Drying, Spouted bed, Sawmills, Superheated steam
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34915 (URN)10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.10.004 (DOI)000345349500022 ()
Tilgjengelig fra: 2015-01-15 Laget: 2015-01-15 Sist oppdatert: 2017-12-05bibliografisk kontrollert
Gustavsson, C., Nilsson, L. & Renström, R. (2014). Syngas as an Additional Energy Carrier in the Pulp and Paper Industry: A Mill-Wide System Analysis of a Combined Drying Concept, Utilizing On-Site Generated Gas and Steam. Energy & Fuels, 28(9), 5841-5848
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Syngas as an Additional Energy Carrier in the Pulp and Paper Industry: A Mill-Wide System Analysis of a Combined Drying Concept, Utilizing On-Site Generated Gas and Steam
2014 (engelsk)Inngår i: Energy & Fuels, ISSN 0887-0624, E-ISSN 1520-5029, Vol. 28, nr 9, s. 5841-5848Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Large amounts of thermal energy are required for different unit operations in the pulp and paper industry. Typically, this energy is distributed by means of steam. In this study, introduction of in-situ-generated syngas as an energy carrier in parallel to the predominant steam has been investigated. The examined systems use dual fluidized-bed gasification integrated with a solid fuel boiler of a paper mill together with impingement drying in combination with cylinder drying, a concept enabling higher specific drying rates. The studied systems exhibit reduced overall energy use when compared to the present situation with conventional steam-heated cylinder drying. Cold tar cleaning by condensation/absorption and firing of the syngas in a gas turbine followed by utilization of the exhaust gases for drying are interesting options because this results in reduced biomass consumption with maintained power production.

sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Washington, DC, USA: American Chemical Society (ACS), 2014
HSV kategori
Forskningsprogram
Miljö- och energisystem
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33956 (URN)10.1021/ef5010144 (DOI)000342118200030 ()
Forskningsfinansiär
Knowledge Foundation
Tilgjengelig fra: 2014-10-02 Laget: 2014-10-02 Sist oppdatert: 2017-12-07bibliografisk kontrollert
Organisasjoner
Identifikatorer
ORCID-id: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-5764-7062